Preservative for fish tissue samples?

Recent advances in DNA analysis allow us to identify an unprecedented number of insect samples collected by mass sampling techniques such as insect traps. In these circumstances, a preservative that can be applied from trap to storage is necessary to prevent degradation of DNA before analysis and save on the cost of labor for collecting insects from traps. Propylene glycol has a prominent feature as a trap solution. This study aimed to examine the DNA preservability of 98% propylene glycol at 2 weeks and more than 6 months after initial collection in comparison with 99.5% ethanol, which is commonly used for storage of specimens for genetic analysis. was compared amplification performance of PCR targeting a specific region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in the orders Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Coleoptera using two extraction methods varying in extraction efficiency. Even after 6 months, more than 75% of samples were recognized to have succeeded in PCR amplification irrespective of preservatives by the extraction method with higher extraction efficiency. It suggested that mitochondrial DNA was preserved in both solutions. However, dim bands in the electrophoreses of PCR products increased with time in extracts by another method with lower extraction efficiency. In Diptera and Coleoptera, the rate of dim bands increased more rapidly for ethanol-preserved than for propylene glycol-preserved specimens, indicating higher DNA preservability of propylene glycol over time for these taxa. On the other hand, in Hymenoptera, the preservatives did not affect PCR amplification performance. Considering its safer characteristics and high DNA preservability in a wide range of taxa, propylene glycol can be a promising solution from trapping of insects to storage for genetic analysis.

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Article Propylene glycol: a promising preservative for insects, comp...

https://www.ars.usda.gov/arsuserfiles/60360510/publications/King_and_Porter-2004(M-3886).pdf

https://norgenbiotek.com/sites/default/files/resources/App-Note-24-Saliva-DNA-Stability_3.pdf

https://nofima.com/worth-knowing/food-preservation/

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Article Simplified Field Preservation of Tissues for Subsequent DNA Analyses

Article Propylene glycol: a promising preservative for insects, comp...

Ahmad Al Khraisat

There are several options for preserving fish tissue samples, depending on the specific goals of the analysis and the type of tissue being collected. Some common preservatives used for fish tissue samples include:

Formalin: Formalin is a commonly used fixative that can be used to preserve fish tissue samples for histological examination (microscopic examination of tissues). It is typically used at a concentration of 10% in water. Formalin can be effective at preserving the tissue structure and preventing the growth of microorganisms, but it can also cause some changes to the tissue, such as cross-linking of proteins.

Ethanol: Ethanol can be used to preserve fish tissue samples for DNA or RNA analysis. It is typically used at a concentration of 70-95% in water. Ethanol can be effective at preserving the integrity of DNA and RNA, but it can also cause some changes to the tissue, such as denaturation of proteins.

Freezing: Freezing can be an effective way to preserve fish tissue samples for some types of analysis, such as proteomics or metabolomics. Tissue samples can be frozen at -20°C or lower using liquid nitrogen or a freezer, and then stored until they are ready to be analyzed. Freezing can preserve the tissue structure and many of the biomolecules present in the tissue, but it can also cause some changes to the tissue, such as ice crystal formation.

It is important to choose the appropriate preservative for the specific type of analysis being performed, and to follow proper handling and storage guidelines to ensure the integrity of the tissue samples. It is also important to consider the potential risks and hazards associated with the use of each preservative, and to follow proper safety protocols when handling them.

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