spring water is a natural over flow of groundwater on the surface of earth. A spring is a location at the land surface where the natural discharges of groundwater from the aquifer supply to the ground surface.

Spring water is natural phenomenon of the emergence of ground water. some case hot water also emerges from ground. Spring has in general fresh and healthy water.

Springwater is the water of underground origin, protected and microbiologically healthy. In its natural state, it must respect the microbiological quality characteristics of natural mineral waters as well as the Physico-chemical quality characteristics of waters intended for human consumption. In general, it must be of underground origin, having benefited from protection against pollution, and having undergone neither chemical treatment nor addition. It must therefore naturally comply with the criteria of potability (which is not necessarily the case for natural mineral water).

Springwater being water from groundwater tables, is not polluted and contains no or very few nitrates unlike water from surface water tables. Springwater is therefore pure and natural water whose composition is beneficial for health.

Indeed, although found in different concentrations depending on the region, the minerals present in spring water are essential for the proper functioning of our body.

Springwater comes from a place where water springs naturally from the earth to form a stream that flows out to sea, or form ponds or lakes, or finally disappear back into the ground. Unlike mineral water, springwater does not have to respect a minimum content of mineral salts.

Natural mineral water, therefore, differs from spring water by its content of mineral salts (magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium) and trace elements (iron, zinc, copper iodine, selenium). The main difference between these 2 notions is the quantity that our body needs. Mineral salts, also called macroelements, are consumed in larger quantities than trace elements. Beware of highly mineralized mineral waters.

Springwater is a perishable commodity. If we can keep mineral water in plastic bottles for months, it is simply because the industries that sell them treat the water!

Springwater is water that must be clean and must not contain pathogenic microorganisms. It is not sterile water, it may contain certain bacteria. In most cases, if you use bottled spring water it is treated for drinking and before bottling..

Regards

Looking at the quantity variation in the drought and wet season. Also you need to build a spring box around the spring for protection and the supply the water to animals and human beings.

I would consult., "Standard Methods for the Examination of water and Waste water" available on line as well as from "American Water Works Association".

Spring water - as groundwater - should have a higher electrical conductivity than surface water. Also typical is a temperature difference, and it never freezes in winter, which is a good time to look for it. Check out the metal content.

Dear Mr. Bangu:

The first question that one has to answer is what question or questions the research effort is trying to answer, Second, with what level of confidence is needed for the research to be considered successful. Generally, in environmental/human health questions, the level of confidence needed relates to the impact of an incorrect decision. For example, when characterizing wastewater that is going to be subjected to further treatment to determine its BOD load, a significant error would have minimal impact. On the other hand, if the characterization was to determine the toxicity of the wastewater flow to the treatment system microorganisms, a mistake in characterizing the wastewater could be catastrophic to the treatment plant.

As Srivastava advised, Standard Methods is an excellent source of analytical methodology for water analysis. If your university does not have a copy, and since Standard methods is expensive to purchase, other appropriate compilations that you can use are those published by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and are available without charge. These include the publication Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods (SW-846) which covers analytical methods for all media and can be found at: https://www.epa.gov/hw-sw846; EPA's Drinking Water Methods at: https://epa.gov/dwanalyticalmethods. Also, the EPA Clean Water Act regulatory program has many appropriate methods that you can use. Their methods can be found at: https://epa.gov/cwa-methods.

I hope that you find this information useful and if I can be of further assistance, please let me know.

David Friedman

[email protected]

overflow source

In general, there are four types of sources

- The sources of natural overflow which represents the contact of the aquifer with another different and lower ground, when the aquifer is saturated there is evacuation of water at the level of this contact.

- Karst springs, when the karsts are drowned, there are several springs which burst at the level of the fractures to evacuate the surplus water according to the topographic configuration (there are springs and sometimes waterfalls). These sources are observed most often in winter or in areas of heavy snowfall.

- The sources which are located at the level of the large faults whose rejection is located at the level of a topographically lower configuration (by unevenness),

- The thermal springs which work by the pressure of the waters which infiltrate to a very great depth and which are enriched with heat and minerals before rising to the surface under the effect of the pressure of the waters coming from the heights.