I recognized that a membrane used for wastewater treatment in MFC was degraded, but I don't have an explanation, did someone have an idea? Thanks in advance
Generally, Nafion membrane (cation exchange membrane) is used in MFCs due to its higher cations conductivity and relatively lower internal resistance compared to other membranes. Unfortunately, membrane fouling is a serious problem in MFCs under long-term operation. Membrane starts degrade due to biofouling and cell performance dramatically declined.
Biofouling layer consists of mainly microoraganism, microbial extracellular polymers and inorganic salts. Some researcher groups reported that the decline in the diffusion coefficient of proton and main cations by 42.9% and >50%, respectively. Subsequently, this lead to a direct cathode potential loss with a sever limitation of charge transport and increased internal resistance, which might be the main attribution to membrane deterioration.
In order to decrease the biofouling of PEM, it is recommended to clean the PEM every six months to make sure that no biofouling will occur, which in turn will help in increasing the possibility of experiments reproducibility.