Hi , I am an assistant professor in the dept of Orthodontics in a central university in India. I am noticing an increased incidence of cases of impaction in the population we are serving here. I would like to do a genetic study on the genes responsible for impaction. What is the kind of study I should plan ?
Family based genetic study design
select affected families with impaction to calculate the heritability for it
The etiology of dental anomalies is partly environmental and partly genetic. Because of the polygenic nature of dental characteristics, it is very challenging to identify one single defective gene responsible for a specific dental anomaly. However, recent studies provide new data about the candidate genes. Further studies are required and the rapid progress in the field of genetics may help the clinicians to more accurately discern the environmental and genetic factors contributing to the development of dental anomalies. Currently, the orthodontist, probably the first to diagnose hereditary dental anomalies and malocclusion of an individual, will remain responsible for the detection of any additional defects in the same patient in order to provide the best treatment. The clinician should always keep in mind that some of those dental anomalies can coexist with certain syndromes and other family members might also have been affected. Whenever it seems necessary, a genetic consultation should be added as part of the orthodontic treatment. Finally, this interdisciplinary approach may help to reveal any risk of recurrence in subsequent generations.
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