Is there any treatment methods available for plastic aggregates (polyethylene) used in concrete for fire resistance? (example: like steel rods are coated to prevent it from corrosion)
I think polyethylene is not a good choice for such purpose, as it is an easily flammable polymer. Try to use much less flammable materials, e.g. some thermosets can be made more fire resistant by additives (see e.g. phenolics, epoxies, some polyurethanes and polyureas).
If you take silanized metal hydroxides there might be a synergistic effect through building a char. Further alternatives: Phosphorous (very large field), Borates, Nanoclay or Melamin