It is likely that there might be a correlation between content of dreams and various known diseases; for example, nightmares are often associated with troubled state of mind so why wouldn't diseases?
some studies have investigated relationship between contents of dreams and some diseases. Few studies have investigated the relation between dream features and cognition in parkinson`s disease. In Bugalhot and Palva`s publication for example, they characterized the dreams of early stage PD and study the relation between dream characteristics, cognitive function, hallucination, motor status, dopaminergic treatment... They found a pattern of dream alteration characterized by heightened aggressiveness and the presence of animals. there were related to frontal dysfunction.
I am pleased to send you theses publications. I hope That can help you with your search.
Bugalhot T., Palva T. 2011. Dream features in the early stage of parkinson diseases. J Neural Transm, 118(11), 1613-9.
We know that most dreams in patients with REM Behavior disorder are violent dreams. Some studies suggest that patients with bipolar disorder have more vivid dreams
There is a study by Dr. Carlyle Smith from Kent University in which group of students were able to tell by looking at a picture of an unknown person and then incubating dreams about that person's disease