Rapid industrialization, unplanned urbanization, deforestation for aquaculture and tourism in coastal areas and change in land use pattern have raised carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere, which on mixing with the coastal and estuarine waters shift the pH value left to the normal value of the aquatic phase. It is now well established that the average pH of the world ocean surface waters has already fallen by about 0.1 units from an average value of about 8.21 to 8.10 since the beginning of the industrial revolution. Many Indian estuaries today exhibit an aquatic pH of 7.9–8.0 compared to the value around 8.3 in early eighties. This has altered the biodiversity spectrum of the estuarine ecosystem particularly the shelled organisms in terms of their community structure, morphology and behavior
Dear Abhijit,
Hereby I send you the pdf of an interesting paper talking about dramatic adverse and threatening impact of heavy metal accumulation in the international wetland of Port Anzali in Northern Iran. This wetland is located in the southern coast of Caspian sea and is a precious habitat for a rich variety of aquatic fauna and flora, but unfortunately is under threat of different kinds of pollution like heavy metal accumulation. So, conserving such kinds of habitats in a healthy status help to preserve its associated biodiversity to reduce the amount of carbon emissions and enhance the carbon sequestration to halt it in Soil not to be released in atmosphere in an unwanted volume. This is a good discussion in this moment, as we recently came out of an important UN climate conference COP26.
This is also observed in the Niger delta regions of Nigeria with a lot of acidification experienced
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