There are many devices like IOL Master for measuring axial length of the eye. Some studies for myopia control in animal model found that instead of shrinking the axial length of the eye, it is compensated for widening of the eye. How do we measure the in-vivo equatorial diameter of the human eye?
I'm not sure about animal models but you may estimate it in human eyes based on a spherical approximation. For that, you would need the anterior eye topography acquired with Eye Surface Profiler (ESP, Eaglet-Eye, Netherlands) and the axial length that could be acquired with IOL Master. Have a look at the following paper.
Article Precise measurement of scleral radius using anterior eye profilometry
Do I understand correctly, that you assume a non spherical eye? Maybe then the method mentioned above with an ellipsoidal instead of a spherical approximation, can help you.
Depending on what you are looking at: With an MRI scan you could measure the eye's geometry directly?
Indeed Simon Schröder Ellipsoidal would be more appropriated for this study. MRI or CT is also a good alternative.
A-scan ultrasound at different axes can help in measure equatorial diameter of the eyeball.
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