It seems that polyethylene glycol (PEG), are the most used approaches for decreasing opsonin adsorption and immune recognition, can be recognized by specific immune systems.
I know of several, including other polyethers (polyglycerol), zwitterions (sulfobetaine, phosphobetaine, and carboxybetaine), and amino acids. If you need specific references, I can dig up some papers for you.
I thought of this paper from Joseph Schlenoff at FSU, which also contains many good references, and uses a sulfobetaine zwitterion to achieve anti-fouling properties on par with PEG.
Dear Jeremy, Thanks a lot for this very interesting paper. The mechanism for adsorption
resistance seems to be based on preventing ion pairing between protein and surface charges, which releases counterions and water molecules, an entropic driving force enough to overcome a disfavored enthalpy of adsorption.