I wonder if output power of an X-Ray diffractometer can be adjusted. For Raman measurement it is possible. What about XRD? Does it change the penetration dept (if any) in a thin film?
The power of your x-ray generator will not change the energy of the x-rays, only the intensity, so it will have no effect on penetration depth. You will get better signal to noise ration which is useful for seeing the interference pattern at higher Q when doing reflectivity measurements of layered structures.
It depends on your equipment, samples and what you are trying to measure. You need to find the parameter space to optimize signal-to-noise, resolution, and scan time (for a given sample).
For example, using a Rigaku Smartlab we are able to get out-of-plane lattice constants of very few nms (~2) of epitaxial films using standard 2θ-ω scans.
If you have more details on the samples, and more importantly - what are you trying to measure, it would be easier to answer your question.
The power of your x-ray generator will not change the energy of the x-rays, only the intensity, so it will have no effect on penetration depth. You will get better signal to noise ration which is useful for seeing the interference pattern at higher Q when doing reflectivity measurements of layered structures.
No I was addressing the original question, which asked if it would effect the penetration depth, which of course it won't. Only using a higher energy source will do that. I agree with everything you said, I just didn't see anyone who had addressed the penetration depth issue.
I think that if you're using a decent diffractometer then you shouldn't have any thin-film related difficulties. The only challenges I can see are overlap with substrate peaks, which, as you suggest, can be measured separately.
If you are using Cu K-alpha radiation then you should not see much if any scattering from the substrate with a 1 micron film thickness. Most definitely you will see a very different pattern measuring on either side.