Is the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline (100% yield) with molecular hydrogen an atom-efficient reaction?
Atom Efficiency=(molecular weight of desired products/molecular weight of all reactants)*100
So, in the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene:
C6H5NO2+3H2====C6H5NH2+2H2O
Considering H2O as waste and 100 % yield:
Atom efficiency= (93/129)*100=72,1%
see: Green Chemistry and Catalysis I. Arends, R. Sheldon, U., Hanefeld 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
So the question is now : Is this atom efficient? The answer relates to how it compares to alternative syntheses of aniline, in which case it is correct to say that it is a relatively atom efficient reaction, as other routes would almost certainly be much less efficient. Bear in mind that water as a co-product is not a bad thing either
Hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline (100% yield) with molecular hydrogenin presence of Pt in the form of PtO2 an atom-efficient reaction?
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