is stable isotope analysis ( O18 and H2) can serve and help us to know the time of stays of groundwater as well as its origin in hyper arid zone?
Groundwater recharge is one of the most difficult fluxes to define, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas. However, reliable quantification is essential to maximise the potential of groundwater resources, define long-term sustainable yields and protect traditional sources.
The level of groundwater dependence and the degree of surface water evaporation are determined using strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr), stable water isotopes (18O/16O; D/H), and major ion analysis. In terms of strontium isotope ratio, throughout the year regardless of salinity and strontium concentration variations. The strontium concentration changes are probably related to seasonal salinity rise and fall caused by the seasonal water table fluctuations (Love et al., 2002; Stewart, 2005).
Determining the degree of groundwater dependence of surface water pools can be achieved by sampling paired groundwater-permanent pool sites and analysing for environmental tracers (Walker and Krabbenhoft, 1998). A multi-isotope approach takes advantage of the fact that unreactive tracers (water isotopes) and reactive tracers (strontium isotopes) provide different information on how a catchment functions (Bullen and Kendall, 1998). Water isotopes are useful for determining water sources and evaporation whereas tracers such as strontium isotopes and major ions are useful for understanding water–rock and water-soil interactions along flow-paths (Shanley et al., 1998; McNutt, 2000). The strontium isotope ratio of 87Sr/86Sr has been commonly used to trace the source and mixing of waters. Because 87Sr is the only strontium isotope to vary over geologic time, variations in the strontium isotope ratio reflect strontium from different sources as water passes through strontium containing materials (McNutt 2000). Strontium isotope ratios can be used to discern subtle differences in the interaction of water with different mineral types or the contact time with minerals (Bullen et al., 1996; Walker and Krabbenhoft, 1998).
H Merzougui,
Both δ2H and δ18O isotopes have proved very useful in many hydrogeological studies around the world. I would recommend that you try to get hold of the following publication in your library to get a good overview of the use of stable isotopes in hydrology:
https://www.crcpress.com/Environmental-Isotopes-in-Hydrogeology/Clark-Fritz/p/book/9781566702492
You may also find this publication of interest:
http://www.iaea.org/inis/collection/nclcollectionstore/_public/12/618/12618395.pdf#page=59
I have attached a number of papers that will demonstrate the use of the stable isotopes in tracing and dating groundwater resources in arid regions. The reference section of the attached papers are a rich source of other relevant information.
Kind regards
Tomas
Well,
the attached article answers your question in details.
Sincerely
Conference Paper APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISOTOPES TECHNIQUE IN GROUNDWAT...
Hello
There are many excellent resources on this subject, such as those listed by Tomas Tomascik. The book by Clark and Fritz is excellent.
A few more references for your consideration:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.11456
https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/18/2415/2014/hess-18-2415-2014.pdf
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/920e/2c929efaa58d99280806e57a2baf7b1869d4.pdf
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/04da/98fa368c4b0de66d7e3f55db8d275d0da499.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780444815460
www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/10/2/97/pdf
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00298616
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/8/5/207/pdf
Hope this helps.
O18 and H3 are well recognised for the evaluation of residence time of groundwate. Also appeared in various publications. Om you very correctly pointed out Tritium well used for the determination of age of the ground water.
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