If the habitat conditions allow it then absolutely yes. Unless of course the fish are genetically altered (ie. polyploidy). In the US many trout stockings have led to naturally reproducing populations.

Existe la Posibilidad de escape, si..siempre y cuando los manejos y Controles no sean los adecuados

As Mr. Smith said, yes is possible. But do not forget that rainbow trout is actually a salmon. For breeding he must make migrations, in salt water and return. In US is possible, because the rivers flowing into the ocean. In countries that rivers do not have border to the oceans and seas, the reproduction is not possible.

Dear Mosen Ali, 

This is not something that I have much knowledge of but that does not mean that it could happen. However, there are many exceptions in these situations so it is possible that escaped rainbow trout could be in the natural environment,

Regards

Gordon

Yes, hatchery reared rainbow trout can reproduce in the wild if the proper habitat (temperature, gravel, stream flow) is available at the right time of year. They do not require a migration to saltwater at any stage though.

It has been documented in Norway. Escaped farmed rainbow trout have managed to spawn and reproduce, but for some reason it seems like they don`t survive the first winter in a Norwegian river. Young of the Year have been found but not older rainbow trout juveniles.

Please see the abstract :

http://www.nina.no/archive/nina/PppBasePdf/oppdragsmelding/454.pdf

Unfortunately this is a Norwegian written report, but an english abstract is added.

We have also documented spawning of escaped rainbow trout by filming.

Please se https://www.facebook.com/LFI-Uni-Miljø-337642276364093/

and scroll down till you find a video of rainbow spawning video

Best Regards,

sven-Erik Gabrielsen

Indeed - as Mr. Smith suggests, diploid rainbow hatchery escapees can reproduce just fine in the wild - even in the absence of a saltwater migration.  This fact continues to compromise recovery efforts for the closely related cutthroat trout native to the Rocky Mountains which hybridize freely with them.

but there's also good evidence emerging that rainbow trout & their genes, like all species' with a niche, are strongly limited by various environmental conditions to specific types of streams if they do escape into the wild. in the Rocky Mountains, for example, rainbows are confined to cool rivers and streams but they rarely occur in the coldest headwater streams where thermal conditions & productivity levels are unsuitable for them...

Rasmussen JB, Robinson MD, Hontela A, Heath DD (2012) Metabolic traits of westslope cutthroat trout, introduced rainbow trout and their hybrids in an ecotonal hybrid zone along an elevation gradient. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 105, 56–72.

Yau, Monica M., and Eric B. Taylor. 2013. Environmental and anthropogenic correlates of hybridization between westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) and introduced rainbow trout (O. mykiss)." Conservation Genetics 14: 885-900.

McKelvey KS et al. (In Press) Patterns of hybridization among cutthroat and rainbow trout in northern Rocky Mountain streams. Ecology and Evolution

Hi! We have an extant population in the Palancia River. They were reestocked so it is possible though, fortunatelly, it still rare in the Iberian Peninsula.