I think the answers differ depending on the building technique. Take as example an old fashioned apartment built with cheap not insulated materials or a modern one family house with thermical insulation, power solar cells and recycling of heat from used water by a recuperator.

I suppose the basic idea is something like large surface means large energy losses, many outside walls mean thermal losses by large areas.

Hi Prof. Mahmoud Omid: for Indian conditions the attached link may give required information. Though I have  experienced the apartments constructed with advanced energy sensitive and eco friendly are more energy efficient and eco friendly than a House. Thanks

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261908003577

Dear Dr. Dubey Thank you for your prompt answer and the link about energy analysis in India. What is your preference when you contrast between the two from all aspects as  i explained in the question? Thanks.

I think the answers differ depending on the building technique. Take as example an old fashioned apartment built with cheap not insulated materials or a modern one family house with thermical insulation, power solar cells and recycling of heat from used water by a recuperator.

I suppose the basic idea is something like large surface means large energy losses, many outside walls mean thermal losses by large areas.

Yes, I too feel that living in house gives you a better feeling. It also can have a gardening and an open space, and you can accustom it as per your needs. I even have a nycthente tree in my small house, which gives me a very good feeling to see it flower.  If the apartment is on the 2nd or the 3rd floor, and if there is no provision of  lift, it can prove to be quite burdensome, especially to people in their 60s and beyond. But in a city like Delhi where single people like to have more security for themselves, society apartments are preferable by such people as they have a centralized security with an enclosure.

Thank you Dear @Hanno and @Debi for your comments. Although we have more comfort and privacy in a house, but I think living in an apartment is more eco-friendly and energy efficient, because it takes up much less physical space than a house and requires less energy to power it (electricity costs is lower, heating and cooling are more efficient). At the end we chose/prefer a house for living, why? maybe we are more relax there or as Debi pointed out "it has a better feeling"

Dear Mahmoud,

the better feeling is caused by the distance to other people, if you want to have it. The space you take up is only one criterion for energy, modern insulating techniques and recycling are more dominant parameters.  In Germany an experimental house was built in the past without any heating, they used just the body temperature of the inhabitants and the daily sunshine to produce heat etc.

I think, under the same conditions, yes it is; living in an apartment is more energy efficient and Eco-friendly than living in a house.

Of course dear @Mahmoud. Good point:"...living in an apartment is more eco-friendly and energy efficient, because it take up much less physical space than a house and requires less energy to power it ."

IMPACT OF STAND-BY ENERGY LOSSES IN ELECTRONIC DEVICES

ON SMART NETWORK PERFORMANCE is a fine paper about the application of smart networks. "Implementation of smart networks is aimed at enabling remote management, metering and control of numerous devices that have possibilities to receive remote signals over communication network and to respond to these signals. The networks served by these devices within the smart networking include electric power grids, district heating networks, gas supply networks,drinking water supply networks, etc., all with an aim to make their operation fully controllable.Such contributions to the overall improvement of efficiency of these infrastructure is anticipated from the deployment of smart network technology, in particular including demand-side management.For example, metering of heat energy is necessary on a per-user basis in order to allow appropriate billing according to the level of consumption." Of course, such approach is less expensive in buildings than in houses. I have intended to send you this contribution under the other thread where You have speaking about smart energy cards, as a way for higher energy efficiency!

I prefer living in a house. Living in a house with a small garden around is mucu much better than living in an appartment. Of course, living in a house is costy, but you can find more comfort and less noise.

I have experienced living in apartment in adult age and in a house in childhood. I think that the apartment is more indicated for people living in big towns, while the house is more comfortable for small centers.

Dear Abedallah,

you are completely right with your remark "under same conditions". Thats the point! If conditions deviate, you have to look to the conditions not at the style of buildings.

I agree with Ierardi. Living in a house in small centers near big towns is the most comfortable.

Dear Kamal,

it´s the garden, the neighbour looking over the fence, the crying child, the hello, the change of herbs and flowers, which asks for the small own house.

A simple answer to the question is Yes, it seems more energy efficient to live in an apartment than a house.  But the real answer would depend on more factors besides the size of our dwelling place, the number of appliances that run on electricity, and whether they are powered by solar or non-solar sources.  (I live in an apartment in college, but I return to my own house when I can.  The apartment overlooks a lovely playground and I get great fresh air.  See this pic.)

But we are more humans than calculating scientists, and the human elements contribute to our well-being.  It's my dear neighbors who keep an eye over my house; and supported me so much when I lost my old aunt, who matter more than the house!

Based on your contributions so far I can conclude that when it matters to us to make a decision (e.g. between an apartment or a house), living comfortably and feeling cozy is more important than saving space, energy, money ,... and optimizing costs. As Miranda said we are more humans than engineers (calculating scientists) After all "no one is in charge of our happiness, except us". Let me add this quot: "Most people lose the only thing they possess (life), while acquiring the many things that will finally never be theirs." Am I correct?

Apartment Energy Efficiency - Example

• This features a 334 kilowatt photovoltaic system that provides up to 100% of the electricity to the community including the apartments.
• Community and apartments are equipped with Nest smart thermostats with web enabled remote control to maximize efficiency
• Every apartment is equipped with GE Energy Star appliances to reduce energy usage
• In home displays for residents to keep track of their energy usage and learn to be more efficient
• All apartments have high efficiency laundries-the dryers are natural gas and the washing machines have a water factor of 5.0
• Ceiling Fans located in every apartment to reduce energy cost and consumption by offsetting the use of air conditioners
• Solar Energy is used to assist in heating the pool and spa
• Dual-glazed, Low-E, vinyl windows have been installed to reduce heat from the sun as well as heat loss in cooler months-thus increasing energy efficiency and lowering kilowatt usage
• The community Center includes solar shades in the Sports Club to prevent heat gain thereby maximizing energy efficiencies
• High SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) air conditioning in employed to lower energy costs (up to 40%), reduce hot spots and excess humidity, and yields longer equipment life expectancy

http://www.solterraecoluxuryapts.com/solterra/e-brochure

From energy point of view lining in a bioclimatic architectural building is more efficient from energy point of view. There are however many social problems, as Hanno posted. The best middle solution should be to have bioclimatic houses which use common sources of energy.

See,

What is bio­cli­matic architecture?

http://bioclimaticx.com/bioclimatic-architecture1/

PAUL RITTER, CONCRETE FIT FOR PEOPLE. A Practical Introduction to a Bio-Functional, Eco-Architecture for the Third Millennium A.D.

I do agree dear @Ierardi, it is my experience also. But, there is something attractive to live in the house, better say "warm" or "homey"! 

Energy Efficiency Trends in Residential and Commercial Buildings - some experiences and practice from USA are attached!

http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/publications/pdfs/corporate/bt_stateindustry.pdf

Energy efficiency depends to a great extent on the design/type/quality of the installation/appliances as well as the life style of an individual. A fair/ideal comparison between an apartment vis-a-vis a house would necessitate the assumption that the apartment comprises a number of identical houses/ installations/ appliances as well as the dwellers with identical/comparable lifestyles. In the absence of such similarity, energy efficiency will be different among different residences of even the same type (house or apartment). So far as solar energy is concerned, it can be provided in both the systems. Size differences of course will be there casting corresponding influence on the costs but then what would one say about the economics of large number of small scale home/ personal level appliances such as cars (vs public transports), personal mobiles (vs PCOs) etc. in comparison to the corresponding industrial/ commercial/ community level public facilities. 

People living in independent houses often do not have any security personnel and the external lights normally remain off while the apartments are usually provided with organized security system with all around security lighting arrangement in the premises as well as the stair cases. Lifts are indispensable part of multistoreyed apartments adding further to the operating electric consumption/ expenses. Any untoward disorder of such essential  services will cause great inconvenience to the residents eating away their personal stored energies.

Moreover, if a person used to living in a bungalow type house having garden/ greenery/ sports facilities/ swimming pool etc. inside the compound is made to shift to a 32nd Floor accommodation in a multi-storeyed apartment, his frustration may quite well be understood.

Independent/ wide open/ spacious/ well ventilated/ surrounded by greenery house is naturally more eco-friendly  than an apartment surrounded by other adjacent ones on its left/ right/ top/ bottom/ crosswise  everywhere getting a disturbance on any movement in its vicinity.

Dear Ljubomir. Thank you as always for providing good links. To make it up to you, (although probably have seen this link before), I include it  just to see how far imagination can go. 

Each of us probably have an idea about what our individual dream homes would look like. Maybe your dream home would have a hammock ... or maybe an indoor slide that leads outside into a pool filled with Jell-O. You can have whatever you want, after all, it's YOUR dream home. But if you need some inspiration, the following link gives 33 awesome things you might want to include in the house of your fantasies.

P.S.: What is your dream house?

http://cul.viralnova.com/dream-home-items/

I think living in a house is more energy efficient and eco-friendly than in an apartment.

In general, living in a house offers you much more space than you can get with an apartment. Sometimes getting a house comes with a yard, which can be a lot of work. Also, when you live in a house there tends to be less noise to deal with, which is great if you prefer your home to be a quiet place.

Dear All,

Public are more in favor of curtailment rather than efficiency. Efficiency improvements almost always involve research, effort, and out-of-pocket costs (e.g., buying a new energy-efficient appliance), whereas curtailment (e.g., turning off lights) may be easier to imagine and incorporate into one's daily behaviors without any upfront costs.

I found the following research survey from 505 participants perceptions of energy consumption and savings for a variety of household, transportation, and recycling activities is very interesting. Most participants mentioned curtailment rather than efficiency improvements, in contrast to experts’ recommendations..

Shahzeen Z. Attari, Michael L. DeKay, Cliff I. Davidson, and Wändi Bruine de Bruin, Public perceptions of energy consumption and savings, Shahzeen Z. Attari, vol. 107 no. 37: 16054–16059, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1001509107

http://www.pnas.org/content/107/37/16054.full

http://homeguides.sfgate.com/pros-cons-apartment-vs-home-1659.html

http://www.goodhomeadvisor.com/blogs/should-i-buy-a-flat-or-an-independent-homevilla/

http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-09-09/news/30135787_1_complexes-housing-sector-homebuyer

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2011.01.046

http://freshome.com/2012/11/16/energy-efficient-residence-in-spain-inspiring-healthy-modern-living/

Variability in choices:

http://www.dezeen.com/2013/12/03/ecological-house-with-a-glass-box-above-the-landscape-and-a-big-underground-garage-by-paul-de-ruiter-architects/

Encyclopedia of Energy-efficient Building Design: 391 Practical Case Studies

http://books.google.co.in/books?id=H4mEKu4jD6sC&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=apartment+vs+villa+energy+efficiency&source=bl&ots=Kiz1NvP8lq&sig=2ftnlplq8MiXrbSTmKK8nBIEgW8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D2dxVOTWGMuLuwSg_ICwCw&ved=0CGEQ6AEwCTg8#v=onepage&q=apartment%20vs%20villa%20energy%20efficiency&f=false

If we examine the answer to the question strictly from energy point of view, one may argue that apartments complexes give the chance to make a good insulation of the building, split the cost of energy consumption etc. So from energy point of view a good insulated apartment is the winner. 

If we add a dimension of quality of live, then house is the winner!

Dear Costas,

I completely share your opinion regarding the "quality of life". But the energetic bilance it´s not generally true. Remember the experimental buildings. If the technique will be totally identical, I´m sure with you, the appartment complexes will win because of better ratio of volume and energy dissipating surface.

Dear All,

From technical point of view (as the intention of my question was/is) heating energy is related to many more factors (such as external wall area, window area, glazing ratios (larger windows compared to walls), lighting, insulation, the efficiency of heating systems, ...) than has been discussed thus far.

For instance, apartments tend to have less external wall area compared to their floor area (i.e., less heat loss in winter), while houses (detached ones) typically have more external wall and more windows than equivalent homes of other types. Also, there is a bias towards higher glazing ratios (i/e., larger windows compared to walls) in many modern apartments. This may undermine some of the benefit of lower wall to floor ratios in modern apartments. We also know that the heating energy is correlated to floor area too, so by doubling in the number of houses would increase total heating energy unless other factors affecting heating changed. Different house types also imply differences in lighting energy use – linked to window areas and how ‘deep’ the homes are.

The following link gives more details about Great Britain’s housing energy fact file.

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/48195/3224-great-britains-housing-energy-fact-file-2011.pdf

Every human being should reload oneself from time to time. It's necessary to change the environment, the place of residence. We live in the tower block.Around it there are a lot of polluting and noising vehicles. Our country house, a house on the land gives an opportunity to be nearer to nature. This oasis is the place, where we can relax, grow flowers and trees, meet our friends, cook dishes in the open air, make preparations for winter, breathe the aroma of flowers. You can be alone, in the silence, being far from bustle and hustle and from the Internet.You fill you with energy and enthusiasm.Really, two types of buildings are useful for health and harmony. 

Dear Iriina. Thank you for your answer. What you said "You fill you with energy and enthusiasm.Really" makes sense. We both talk about "Energy", but see it differently.

Dear @Mahmoud, the house which I was speaking about in my previous answer, "warm and homey" is just the one depicted by @Irina! Country side home! It energizes!

i won't say it is more eco friendly but it is more manageable compared to a house

According to installer Conald (Con) Frank of SMC Geothermal, the apartment developer chose to install 252 Bosch BP Series water-to-air geothermal heat pumps for their reliability, efficiency and supported by an industry-leading residential limited 10-year warranty. “There are two sets of five wells for each of the 11 apartment buildings,” explained Frank. Energy-Efficient Apartments Choose Geothermal System

http://boschprohvac.com/energy-efficient-apartments-choose-geothermal-system/

Dear Krishnan,

I highly appreciate your comments. All the seven points you mentioned answer the question whether living in an apartment is more or less energy efficient and eco-friendly than a house.

In addition to that, living in a house is less noise and pollution.

I think energy efficient and eco-friendliness homes (apartments and houses) are fiends!. I mean having an energy efficient home is one of the best things that you can do for the environment, because it significantly reduces the amount of pollution created by a home, too. As already said, It enables owners to reduce costs and save money, too.

Self-sustainable house designed according to Tesla doctrine is fine article about this, eco-friendly house, the energy very-efficient one!

"The project itself is initiated as a response to applying Tesla doctrine in architecture and with intent to develop a solution for low cost,self-sustainable family housing. Beside the authors on the project were involved many famous, established experts from the field of architecture, ecology,civil engineering, electric engineering and sustainable energy resources, protectionof the environment, etc."

http://www.centartesla.com/docs/TDH-English.pdf

Thanks dear Ljubomir for the interesting paper, I remember a similar self-sustainable house has been constructed some decades ago but I forgot all the details.

The concept of sustainable development can be traced to the energy crisis and environmental pollution concerns of the 1960s and 1970s.

Green building or sustainable building refers to a structure and using process that is environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition. In other words, green building design involves finding the balance between home building and the sustainable environment. This requires close cooperation of the design team, the architects, the engineers, and the client at all project stages.[1] The Green Building practice expands and complements the classical building design concerns of economy, utility, durability, and comfort [1]. The common objective is that green buildings are designed to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and the natural environment by [1]:

• Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources
• Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity
• Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation

For information on sustainable construction principles, plz refer to the following Wikipedia page: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_building#cite_note-epa.gov-2

[1] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (October 28, 2009). Green Building Basic Information

http://www.epa.gov/greenbuilding/pubs/about.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_building#cite_note-epa.gov-2

House, never apartments for me. If we want a commercial, ecological, security, social interections analysis, there is no question, apartments are better. Why, because the group can share the costs for more improvements. If they want to implement a water treatment station, dig a well, they can do it sharing the costs.

Dear Vilemar,

I´m not sure that appartment provide more security and social interactions. I experienced a lot of insulation in big appartments, no social contact at all. But of course you are right with your ecological analysis (in most cases).

Finally, I believe that the question should not be between apartments and houses but between buildings build according to bioclimatic architecture (apartment buildings, houses, etc.) and buildings build the old way. 

Dear Costas. "NO"  my question was (is) about the comparison between apartments or flats (economical homes) and houses or detached buildings (luxury homes).

Dear Mahmoud,

OK, If by economical flats, you mean insulated and bioclimatic and if by luxury you mean economical affluent houses, then the choice is clearly for flats. What I wanted to stress is that there might be a case where a house, even luxury, but build according to bioclimatic architecture, might be more energetic efficient than a flat build  with old methods! 

Dear Costas. Thank you for quick response. Actually, we are not talking exceptional or rare cases, but I am interested to know about what is currently being practiced (on average) or norms. By the way, my question is about compare and contrast all aspects of these two homes (En, Eco, Environ.) and not economical comparison only.

A good one on - Eco-Friendly Apartments

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LvEvx54Ev8&feature=player_embedded

P.A.R.A.S.I.T.E. PROJECT At first glance, it's hard to tell what the angular building, painted a shade of light green bordering on chartreuse, is doing attached to the roof of a warehouse near the Maas River in Rotterdam. It looks as though it could be a sculpture or temporary artwork, or a piece of architecture produced as a lark. Actually, the building is a prototype for an entirely new kind of urban housing, one that mixes pragmatism and sustainability with a design sensibility that is fare more sophisticated than it initially appears to be. For more information, see:

Alanna Stang and Christopher Hawthorne, The green House. New directions in Sustainable Architecture. Princeton Architectural Press, New York.

Here is an example of Self-Heating Eco House in Serbia! Such building concept saves up to 85 percent on heating, 100 percent on cooling, 30 percent on lighting and about 20 to 40 percent on building materials, based on monitoring.

http://www.solaripedia.com/13/349/eko_kuca_is_self-heating__(novi_sad,_serbia_).html

Dear All,

The Wall Street Journal asked four architects to: "Design an energy-efficient, environmentally sustainable house without regard to cost, technology, aesthetics or the way we are used to living." They asked the architects to think of what technology might make possible in the next few decades. They in turn asked us to rethink the way we live. One example is provided here and others in attached link.

Cook + Fox's house (See attached figure) reacts to the weather, turning dark in the bright sun to insulate the house from heat and turning clear on dark days to absorb light and heat. The façade also captures rain and condensation to fill the household's water needs. Inside, walls and furniture are on rollers to take advantage of the fact that some spaces, such as bedrooms, are underutilized most of the day. 

Do you feel comfortable in such a house?

http://www.treehugger.com/sustainable-product-design/the-green-house-of-the-future-in-the-wall-street-journal.html

Dear Mahmoud,

Yes, everything from future intrigues me! I always hope that the future will correct all the problems today's life. 

Dear Kamal,

But it seems too transparent for me, don't you think so?.

Dear Mahmoud ,

I believe that thi advanced technological house dhoul have systems to see outside without be seen from outside!

Sure Dear Costas,

Anyway, I think it has more pleasant and atmosphere than P.A.R.A.S.I.T.E. PROJECT you showed us, dont you think so?

Dear Mahmoud,

All ideas are welcomed! There is no need to select one, if we have the chance to synthesise more than one!

SELF-HEATING ECOLOGICAL HOUSE - story from Serbia follows! It is very professional and scientifically based system by Veljko Milkovic. There are many information available, like videos, photos, ....! Savings in heating is based on reflecting surfaces!

http://www.veljkomilkovic.com/EkoKuca2Eng.html

Dear All,

Many things affecting energy performance in houses and apartments can go wrong! An energy audit aims at identifying the factors that may contribute to energy waste and comfort problems. But it also examines issues that potentially or actually affect the health and safety of occupants and the well-being of the home’s structure. So if you are interested to save money or looking for ways to redraw your home energy consumption, you might consider a home energy audit to pinpoint problem areas.

How to start? The following link and file may help to achieve it.

http://lifehacker.com/how-an-energy-audit-saved-my-family-2-400-a-year-477840207

http://www.larryweingarten.com/bypass/static/media/Kinney_Syn_Residential_Auditing_Procedures.pdf

GHG Emissions is a function of House Size:

Research has been published that suggests the dominant suburban housing form (the detached single-family dwelling) is more GHG intensive than more urban, multi-unit and high-rise apartment and condominium housing forms. However, the entire supposed city versus suburbs advantage relates to house size. The Department of Energy’s Residential Energy Conservation Survey (RECS) data shows that the energy consumption per square foot is 70 percent higher in residential buildings with five or more units (the largest building size reported upon) than in detached houses. Full disclosure on the part of the anti-suburban crowd would require telling people that their conclusions would mean much smaller house sizes.

http://www.newgeography.com/content/00728-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-reality-residential-emissions

In today's urban living only the affordability determines living in an "apartment or individual house", but the energy efficiency and eco-friendliness is required in both. The urban habitat has completely changed with Smart technology by improving city living at the personal level addressing public health, improving their energy efficiency or even just find the nearest parking space or ride sharing opportunities. Renewable energies from wind, solar and thermal sources play a major role, because, among other things, public health depends on a healthy environment. Renewable energies support reduced fuel consumption and cleaner air, but cities will also have to learn to use energy more efficiently to really go green. Buildings, are responsible for 40% of the world’s energy consumption, making them an obvious target for cities that aim to reduce their carbon footprint. Buildings are ripe for the age of smart cities, with an expanding web of development across myriad fields: green roofing, combined heat and power, solar tech and much more. Even more exotic and innovative ideas like power-generating elevators are gaining ground, as well.

Dear Krishnan,

Thank you for your comments. I dream a dream greenhouse than exotic one. See this great idea!

The challenge in building a comfortable, affordable, energy-efficient house is not in the engineering and design: it’s in juggling the trade-offs. Every element of a home has ramifications on other elements. You can’t have it all, and deciding what’s most important to you demands a lot of knowledge and thought.

Read the following article. These two award-winning designer-builders tell how is it possible to design and build an energy efficient home.

http://www.countrysidemag.com/84-3/countryside_staff/

Comprehensive to provide information on the latest innovations and developments in green technology

http://www.greeninnovation.co.uk/

Tomorrow’s cities are expected to be hubs of smart technology, but eco-living will be more than just sensors, energy-efficient appliances, solar panels and wind turbines. The design of our homes could also be influenced by some rather unusual materials and innovations.

Take a look inside an eco-friendly home of the future! Good reading!

http://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2015/feb/03/sustainable-home-upcycled-eco-friendly

Dear Ljubomir, Here is a good example of eco-friendly home of the future. A 100% Green House called Sola Tube Solar Skylight, an elegant tubular skylighting.

Eco Friendly Houses: As the effects of climate change are felt across the world and with the construction industry is responsible for as much as 40 percent of man-made carbon emissions, both governments and individuals are beginning to take the task of building eco friendly houses much more seriously.

100% Green House: This house built at Playa Carate, Peninsula de Osa, Costa Rica, created by Robles Arquitectos is 100% self-sufficient. The house uses water from the forest, which also serves as a power source thanks to two low-impact hydroelectric turbines that generate 800kWh. Photovoltaic Solar panels on the roof provide up to 10,800kWh of electricity, whilst additional solar thermal panels heat up the water.

The house is so isolated from civilization that it has no access to public power cables, sanitation, or water.

Everything in the house has been designed to be energy efficient and easy to maintain, and all the building materials were tested in order to gauge their impact on the environment.

http://www.ecofriendlyhouses.net/alias.html

How to design and build an Eco-Friendly house?

If you believe that a great house shouldn’t have to cost the earth, if you would rather directly harness nature’s energy to run your home, and if you would like to live a low-carbon existence, an eco-friendly, sustainable house could be for you. Green thinking comes into play in both the design and the build – from positioning rooms to naturally maximise optimal temperatures, to using environmentally friendly paints, to utilising green methods of heating water, sanitation, and insulation.

Read more at: 

http://sustainableenergysystemz.com/designing-and-building-an-eco-friendly-house/1274/

https://breakingenergy.com/2014/03/21/how-to-build-an-environmentally-friendly-energy-efficient-home/

In order to have a productive green home, you need to be able to cut costs when required. This means using less electricity and trying to eliminate the products that have a negative impact on the environment. Although it’s obvious that there are many cost-effective ways to go green, some of them are often forgotten. Here are some of the top reasons why you should choose to go green in your household for the sake of your budget.

• You can eliminate the stress that comes with paying high monthly bills.
• Saving money for other things like trips, special occasions and outings.
• Reducing your carbon footprint.
• Encouraging others in your family to save energy by eliminating the use of certain things during high peak or mid peak hours (on par with what your energy company has outlined).
• You can put the money you saved to good use, no matter what it is.

https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/top-15-green-home-building-techniques-and-ideas.php