Education is related to general development of people and specialized education is for specialized development. Further, education sharpens the intelligence. But intelligence is not fully contingent on education. Socialization, life experience, work experience, etc. also contribute towards intelligence.

Dear  Ting Fa 

To my mind without culture no intelligence. This is the daily food of our intelligence. Have you not opposed:

Shakespeare to Milton;

Marconi Maxell;

Mozart to Salieri

Yet these great men of culture can battle over ideas. Necessarily only culture men open the door of the same intelligence in duality ideas.

Sincerely

FADEL

According to Oxford Dictionary ( Intelligence is :The ability to acquire and apply knowledge & skills). I accept this definition adding to it the power of linking these together in an organized way. Therefore, knowledge precedes intelligence & is the basis of it . What is the use of the intelligence if it is ascribed to a person without or with very little education? We have seen, in real life, that the persons who really progressed were those who were educated (as main requirement) with a "sprinkle" of intelligence (as additional ingredient). 

Education is supposed to sharpen our intelligence. Then, the intelligence can guide the mind better.

Dear Ting Fa,

May be the following story will be helpful for clarifying your question.

It happened more or less twenty years ago. In some conferences the organizers decide the table where a participant would have the launch and the dinner. So once I have a launch with two big names in mathematics, say A and B. During the launch mainly was speaking A. He speaks about literature, poetry, music, theater and so on. I was really impressed. After two weeks I coincide with A in another workshop in the same place. Again we share the same table for the launch. At this time without B. How was my surprise when A repeats his speech almost word by word? The question is: does a person with wide culture needs to prepare a speech to show his interest in literature, poetry and music?

What is intelligence without education and what is education without intelligence, dear Ting?

Intelligence exploits received information, so....

What does intelligence mean? What kind of education? For sure, there is no absolute measure for intelligence and education; it is also important to have intelligence and education in the same field and direction. So, there is no unique answer for this wide issue; however,  I can not imagine a person with intelligence and can not find his way for education, and a full respect for a person who is seeking education without intelligence.

Education is a word that in Englisha changed completely its original Latin meaning (and the usual meaning that is given to the word in Iatly). Education comes from E-Ducere that means 'Taking from inside' what we take from inside ? The natural (because on the long run will give to the 'educated' person a lot of material and spiritual gifts) gentle and friendly way to manage with the other people, a person thhat is 'educata'  could have read millions of books or none, the basic point is that someone helped him his/her natural way to approach the proxymate to develop (gain a synonimous of 'coming out'). In this sense if you are intelligent (again a Latin word that means 'looking inside') with great probability you will be 'educato'.

In English language an educated person is only someone who attended school...nothing particualrly interesting as for intelligence ...(that again is used in a sloppy sense).

I have never seen the point of comparing scientific, artistic and literary greats.  Culture is not a sport with a league table.  Milton and Shakespeare are equally glorious as are many others.  

Mozart wrote 41 symphonies but we cannot say that because there are 41 of them that they are 'better' than Beethoven's nine.

Marconi benefitted from Maxwell's electromagnetic field theory but does that mean it was a contest?

I am endlessly surprised at the frequency of qualitative value judgements being used on RG.  Silly arguments about human and animal ethics and all too frequent proselytising about 'ancient wisdom'  

We all stand on the shoulders of giants to paraphrase Newton.  It is of no value at all to suggest that one genius is 'better' than another.  

I think that all (normal) people are born of the same intelligence, i.e. same size, weight, electricity, model , etc.

However, what make the difference is the surrounding environment and the quality of education they receive, if the culture is rich and believes in higher IQ and education quality, then smarter people will be around, and vice versa, this means that intelligence is not inherited, it rather acquired. Smart parents make their children smarter than those unlucky ones. 

Overspecialisation, might push people to science without culture. Thus I suggest that any scientist should spend 65-75% of his working hours to treat his specialised field and 25-35-% to enlarge his view with broadening his field and enrich it with cultural enlightening!

We should make an eternal bridge between the two cultures of C. P. Snow, see

http://sciencepolicy.colorado.edu/students/envs_5110/snow_1959.pdf    

Intelligence and education are clearly correlated! Perhaps more intelligent people gain access to more and higher-level education. Perhaps exposure to more education causes higher intelligence test scores.... Does higher intelligence beget better educational outcomes?. ..Does more education beget higher intelligence?...These are some remarks on this very fine issue from the following article Intelligence and education: causal perceptions drive analytic processes and therefore conclusions! 

Dear @Ting, I think you will enjoy the article. I am glad that you had a chance to know such man like Doyen Prof. L. C. Piccinini!

http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/content/39/5/1362.full

Intelligence creates culture and culture encourages intelligence. instead of education may be one can use learning as a word to correlate with intelligence.

comparisons of greats with each other would not be doing full justice to their individual contribution and their intelligence.

Intelligence has to be looked from the environmental perspective (cultural mainly) to really understand the contributions of the greats.

Education without Intelligence is worse.

Education is sharpen the knowledge and skill levels applying  them at the right time when required is Intelligence.

Dear discussants,

I wish to point out that in the examples I have not understood to compare scientists doing a ranking, but simply highlight what talent is based more on creativity and what instead relies on timely and in-depth knowledge. For example Marconi (of English mother), the inventor of radio, at a very young age he had already made the discovery that revolutionized telecommunications. He never graduated. Maxwell was a great scientist who with his specialized studies has found important and timely solutions.

Mozart was a natural talent as a child, while Salieri had highlighted the aspect of the study and deepening in his works.

Finally I attend the RG just because there is an education background of the intelligent participants which makes the comparison of ideas quiet and peaceful. This in my opinion is a scientific and cultural context of high level. Criticism and discussion are required and also encouraged in the respect for others' ideas.

Thank you so much.

Greetings

Ting Fa Marg

We should perhaps not try to evaluate intellect or intelligence on a qualitative basis.  There have been some very highly intelligent people who have done very bad things as well as those who have done good ones.  

In terms of intellectual ability it is most likely that the development of intelligence is a classic example of nature and nurture working together.  It is highly unlikely that a person is born with 'intelligence', only the capacity to develop it.  

All humans except those with neurological disabilities are capable of language acquisition so it is reasonable to presume that they are also capable of knowledge/understanding acquisition.  Education of course comes from many directions.  Formal education is only of use if it is quality education and much of it is not.  Self taught individuals are just as likely to be experts as those taught by others and motivation to learn is the driving force behind knowledge acquisition, skill and expertise.   

Dear  Ting Fa, 

Is education a measure of intelligence, abilities, wisdom, or is this knowledge...?

"Genius without education is like silver in the mine."

"Wisdom is not finally tested in the schools, Wisdom cannot be pass'd from one having it to another not having it, Wisdom is of the soul, is not susceptible of proof, is its own proof.”

 Walt Whitman (Poet, 1819-1892)

Dear All,

To be intelligent cannot be learned or studied. Intelligence is a faculty which can be developed. Intelligence is a natural endowment, a promise given by God or for atheists a fortunate assemblage of gens.

Dear Ting,

How can be compared Shakespeare with Milton because life and events of Shakespeare (who wrote the dramas and sonnets under the name “Shakespeare?”) has not been known.

Mozart was a genius but Salieri could have been a talented and cultivated man. OK, he was envious.

The first day I went to school (a six years old child) my mother said to me (for my surprise, because I was very happy to go to school to learn) that she was not worried if I learn or not, but that I was in serious troubles at home if I would not follow exactly whatever the teacher says.

All human beings have billions of neurons and, in my opinion, an incredible capacity of learning and an intelligence that is there just waiting to be developed. The question is not capacity of learning or the intelligence capacity, but merely the attitude that allows developing it or not. In my opinion, that is the reason why the more humble and educated people (in the sense explained by Alessandro) are also frequently (if not always) the more intelligent people.

A formal education means you had the ability to obtain knowledge from various forms, retain an understanding of it long enough to either write papers or to answer questions on tests about said subjects. The fact that the other one did it in a less formalized way should not be a reason to automatically judge them as less intelligent or less capable of discerning what course of action is best for themselves, for their children nor that they have less to contribute to our society. Formal education is not a guarantee of intelligence, devoted to their growth on all levels; physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual.

http://www.parents-space.com/formal-education-is-not-a-guarantee-of-intelligence/

 Dear Prof. Krishnan , Dear All,

I agree that formal education is not a guarantee of intelligence, but also intelligence with no education or with little education does not guarantee for the person material advantages in this "harsh" world. My beloved father, who passed in 2005, was capable of repairing nearly any faulty machine or car, he was a great self-learned scholar & distinguished poet, and a very fine calligrapher. Unfortunately, he just studied the first 4 elementary school classes (i.e. no degrees or titles). When he died, we (the family & me) found that his total wealth was 666 shekels (equivalent to about 150 dollars).

Dear All,

I think the worst is no intelligence and no education. Or being dim with false education.

This is a truly interesting question. A person of relatively normal intelligence or even below average may hold the cultural elements of their profession, may be able to keep up hobbies like classical music or movies. On the other hand, it is expected of people of higher intelligence to have greater culture, that is, know more refined aspects of art, film, literature - in short, the great cultural productions of mankind, of various times and peoples. It also is expected to these group to act smart than the common people in their respective environments, that is, holding grater than more connected culture to work everyday.

I must say it is very arousing Question..

I dont feel it is necessary go through formal education for having or acquiring intelligence..

2 of my friend never went to school though one is skilled photography and software work and other is skilled worker and innovating various farming techniques and interestingly both are earning more than Me.. ;D

Wonderful speech! Sir Ken Robinson on intelligence and education! It is worth to watch! Education need not evolution, but revolution! If You are not prepared to be wrong, You will never come with anything original!....About human ecology, rethinking is needed...., Intelligence is diverse, dynamic, distinct...!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmCD1HyabDw

Importance of Education

The development of intelligence is a fundamental educational factor for participation in democracy. It is a true process of personalization, that is to say, the strengthening of the human being and his specific qualities-mental, physical, emotional, and social. Without the development of intelligence man cannot participate in social life in a conscious and responsible manner. 

http://education.jhu.edu/PD/newhorizons/future/creating_the_future/crfut_machado.cfm

We should never confuse or conflate intelligence with virtue.  Some of the most intelligent people in our history have been immoral, venal and evil people.

Education can only supplement intelligence!

Let us suppose that all RG members are educated. How come that we have some answers under different threads that are not intelligent? The answer is given above by @Subhash. Do You agree? @Barry is right about virtue!

Dear Ljubomir,

You are right. Often one meets commonplaces and prejudices as answers at RG threads. Intelligent and virtuous answers are rare. By the way, often intelligent and virtuous answers are not estimated because many are interested mainly in the stressing of their own opinions.

The imparting of information, education in the narrowest form is more akin to indoctrination than education in its broadest.  Education is not the learning of facts but the developing of skills to question them and intelligence is required for that.

Education is the key to human advancement not indoctrination which is the locked door.  We need many ideas, not one and we need the freedom to discuss and develop them.  Ignorance is the ally of the tyrant, indoctrination a prison for the mind.

George Orwell once stated "freedom of expression is the right to be told what we do not want to hear".  Without freedom of expression we cannot educate, without education we cannot be free. 

Dear Barry,

Your characterisation on the aim of education is true and comprehensive. The trouble is that this is an optimal and not frequent output of it.

As to your phrase “Ignorance is the ally of the tyrant, indoctrination a prison for the mind.” I would add that ignorance is not only an ally but a servant of the despot. Indoctrination is really a jail for the mind. By the way, I notice that many think that indoctrination is a pleasant thing because it exempts us from reflecting and responsibility.

András

I quite agree!  It is sad that so many think like that and the reasons why despotism is still not extinct in the world.

I took your point well on anonymous voting on the other thread by the way.  I consider anonymous voting to be abject cowardice from people who cannot justify their position by reasoned debate.  Those who hide behind anonymous denunciations are the very life blood of the tyrant and despot and anonymous denunciation by down voting is not a fit act for anyone claiming to be a scholar. 

It’s a stimulating statement Chang, and so much worth a deliberation. An inspiration to connect back with fundamentals that guide our lives, I enjoyed reading all different perspective of the experts.  Intelligence to me is in-built, inherent and traverses beyond the boundaries of formal education. I can confidently quote that is not only an ancient belief but a characteristic of intelligence that had it survived time and evolution. At the same time, the contemporary world is more explicit about education; often confusing the two as synonyms.  It may be fair to reiterate that education has helped intelligence survive and proliferate

intelligence without education and training is dangerous and education without intelligence is useless!

"Too often, the natural curiosity of children, their deep-rooted sense of awe and wonder, is suffocated by ill-conceived forms of religious education..." - Pope Francis

http://www.independent.ie/opinion/letters/religious-education-shouldnt-stifle-childrens-intelligence-31604636.html

The real way of understanding this is to get everything without any taboo and let express his own talent