If I have only Microwave and Optical remotely sensed data, is it possible to choose the site for availability of ground water for set a pump or well so that it will reduce the chances of fail after digging? Is it possible by the Remote sensing techniques only ? Or which supporting easily available information are needed ?
No I don't want GIS part. Only I want to use satellite data both optical and microwave.
Remote Sensing is used for the assessment of surface and sub-surface water over large areas within short time and less cost. Extremely useful for rapid hydrogeological and geomorphic mapping of large and inaccessible areas. Possible to observe Differences in Geology / rock types, dip and strike, faults. Soils, soil moisture, Vegetation, Land use, Drainage and topographic features can be studied. Based on these information, areas potential for groundwater development, Ponds, Springs, etc., can be delineated by skillful interpretation
However, though remote sensing help in finding the most suitable zones for groundwater development, it is not a replacement for field investigations. Once the groundwater potential zones are delineated from the remote sensing technique, further field studies like geophysical, and hydrogeological investigations are necessary.
yes, it is possible using remotely sensed extracted lineaments. first you should extract them; then choose the places where lineaments longitudinal densities are maximum (by partitioning area into grid). these locations are optimum for renewable wells digging.
Radar images can detect rocks several meters below the dry sands and grains of soils, but they depend on many variables such as humidity, grain sizes and the thickness of the sediment mantle that covers the bedrock. In tropical zones this is more difficult, because of the soils, they have many types of grains from clays to thick sands, as well as the humidity of the superficial part and the vegetation, although there are wavelengths capable of eliminating the vegetation.
Thank you @Laith Sir, can you explain this lineaments longitudinal densities !??
Thank you @ N B Prasad Sir for sharing your good vision on it. But how sir it will help to find suitable zone...
Yes Mr. Somnath, it is a good doubt !! First you have to understand that any study related to groundwater investigation is through indirect indications (as groundwater is many meters down below the earth surface, not possible to visualize from the over-ground (like x-ray pictures) nor feel the same). Here through remote sensing, you try to understand the geology (in terms of rock types, structural deformations such as fractures, faults, contact zones, etc), soils, vegetation, land-use, topography/slope, geomorphology (hills/valleys/plains, etc), hydrologic features such as river/stream network, springs, ponds, etc. All these information will be appropriately integrated & analysed to demarcate suitable areas for groundwater exploration. One has to consider this information through remote sensing as first approximation. As already indicated through my earlier answer further field investigations such as hydro geological and geophysical are necessary before taking up drilling of a well.
Years ago I took a course on this, but I do not have my notes at hand, but the radar penetration in dry and humid soils is very different, and it can be from a few mm to about 50 m. as it is observed in this figure, of a Mexican author. Jorge Lira.
Thank you @NB Prasad Sir, I am really thankful to u for ur special guidance and positive rply on my doubt... Sir can u suggest me some books or good papers on this topic..?
There are many books & so many conference proceedings which presents many case studies in India and abroad.
Kindly also refer to the following publications:
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