Various available literature indicates that biochar can be applied in acidic as well as alkaline soil. What will happen if I apply rice-straw biochar in saline as well as sodic soil?
Yes you may apply, it will definitely improve the soil health. Some may say that biochar have high pH and may not be helpful for high pH sodic soil. But I think sodic soils have already high pH and high pH (if) of biochar will not overcome its benefits on soil health.
I think you can add it. It will improve soil physical characteristics for sure. About pH, I think the effect will not be that strong and it will depend on the amount and long term application.
I think in sodic soil, biochar can improve the soil properties as physical and chemical properties. Aslo, biochar will increase the microbe activity which lead to exudate more organic acids . That could be lead to improve the sodic soil pH.
Chemical properties of rice straw biochar totally depends upon growing conditions of feed stock. If feed stock was grown on saline-sodic/sodic soils the definitely it will have higher accumulation of Na in its tissue. Though slow degrading, but instantly biochar will release the accumulated salts into soil and will adversely affect soil properties if long term affects are planned to be studied. Prior to use any biochar, we must have information regarding source of biochar feedstock.
See below paper representing work on saline sodic soil.