Most of production areas are indoor environment where it is not possible to access GPS signal and to provide accurate estimation of autonomous mobile robots. Is it feasible to use RFID-based landmarks as an alternative to vision–based features for providing absolute information about robot location?
A alternative to measure position and velocity with RFID is explored in article "Utilizing RFID Signaling Scheme for Localization of Stationary Objects and Speed Estimation of Mobile Objects", in http://wsnl2.stanford.edu/papers/RFID2007.pdf.
We executed tests with RFID system commercial to measure a position of rail vehicle but, with the used hardware , achieved a poor result.
You did not discuss what your accuracy requirements for positioning are. Given that most civilian GPS systems are accurate at best to 6 feet, it is in theory possible to use stationary RFID systems to achieve similar results for a well mapped managed environment. If you are seeking to achieve sub 1 meter accuracy, you would best be served by deploying other technologies.
RFID is used for Trackless Trucks in the mining industry (robotic trucks), for underground navigation. Getting any reasonable distance with RF underground is quite challenging, as the signal is scattered and absorbed quite a bit by the exposed rock surfaces and dust. RFID only need to work short distances and therefor placed along the route of the vehicles and works quite well.
There is quite a bit on this on IEEEexplore. Just searchfor "RFID mining robotics"
Here are a few links to interesting papers:
"Robot Position Estimation on a RFID-tagged Smart Floor", Thomas K¨ampke et. al.
ftp://ftp-serv.inrialpes.fr/pub/rev/PDF_FSR07/PDF_sans_autorisation/fsr_62.pdf
"A Realization on an RFID Floor for Minimalistic Robots" Robert Johansson
"A Modular Cost-Effective Mobile Robot Navigation System Using RFID Technology",
Wail Gueaieb and Md. Suruz Miah
http://www.academypublisher.com/jcm/vol04/no02/jcm0402089095.pdf
"Robotic Navigation with RFID Waypoints",Chris Tralie, REU Fellow http://www.ctralie.com/PrincetonUGRAD/Projects/dukereu/report.pdf
"Using RFID for Accurate Positioning", Hae Don Chon et. al. http://file.scirp.org/Html/242.html
"Mapping and Localization with RFID Technology", Dirk Hahnel et.al.
https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~matthai/pubs/icra04.pdf
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