@Jordan: The autoclaving of sea water will lead to the precipitation of many salts (elements) containing in sea water. This may decrease the viability of bacteria you are interested in. So, I would recommend you to use two steps filtration for the sterilization: 1) you should use a trivial Watman paper to separate the debris; 2) to filtrate water through 0.22 um filter. Good luck. IB
I agree with Prof. Igor Brown for the sake of achieving close to 99.9% bacterial isolation both autoclave and sterilization by ultrafiltration is highly recommended. However, water contains dissolved salts amongst other nutrient, so depending on what you want to archieve, if the dissolved salts must be taken into consideration then ultrafiltration is suitable.
Jordan Steven Ruiz-Toquica : I would start with synthetic water because natural seawater may contain some inhibitors produced by other organisms or industrial waste. However, natural water may contain some vitamins or other active compounds. So, I would recommend to inoculate two agarised media: one made with natural water and the second with artificial one, and compare CFU. IB
if you want to isolation of certain bacteria you must be preparate serial dilution of marine sample and direct culture on N.A and incubated at 30 C for 24-48h
Its depends upon your work plan. If you wish to isolate bacteria from sea water then neither methods suits you because autoclaving may kill all microorganism including the bacteria and filtration may also remove the bacteria of your interest. However, if you wish to use as as natural source to grow halophile you can filter it. or can use synthetic media that support of the halophilic bacteria.