Rapid potato stem damage caused by Phytophthora is spreading this year on some potato cultivars. Is it common symptoms comparing to late blight? Some plants are infected by Pectobacterium spp. together with oomycete, increasing soft rot symptoms. Is it common for green part of potato plant?
Dear Alex Ignatov
Its common, in region where measures of cultural, use of resistant cultivars and chemical controls not applied, as you know development of late blight epidemics depends greatly on the prevailing humidity and temperature during the different stages of the life cycle of the fungus, coinfection also common with contamination of plant material used or cultivar susceptibility. Number of fungi and bacteria are capable of causing decay in potato tubers. Symptoms are often present at lifting, but some of the problems will also spread through stored tubers,
Pls. find the attached files, may help in your research, good luck
http://articles.extension.org/pages/18361/organic-management-of-late-blight-of-potato-and-tomato-phytophthora-infestans
http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAY345.pdf
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02736116
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Andy_Pereira/publication/8960381_An_ancient_R_gene_from_the_wild_potato_species_Solanum_bulbocastanum_confers_broad-spectrum_resistance_to_Phytophthora_infestans_in_cultivated_potato_and_tomato._Plant_J/links/0046351aa51a5d4934000000.pdf
https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=471
http://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Potato_LateBlt.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21853112
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261477097_Severe_outbreaks_of_late_blight_on_potato_and_tomato_in_South_India_caused_by_recent_changes_in_the_Phytophthora_infestans_population
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ppa.12474/abstract;jsessionid=543001829190EA14CD4A23AA4EDB02D4.f03t02?systemMessage=Wiley+Online+Library+will+be+unavailable+on+Saturday+30th+July+2016+from+08%3A00-11%3A00+BST+%2F+03%3A00-06%3A00+EST+%2F+15%3A00-18%3A00+SGT+for+essential+maintenance.Apologies+for+the+inconvenience.
http://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JBAH/article/viewFile/17394/17815
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00286676?LI=true
http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/oc/freepubs/pdf/PD-45.pdf
http://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/intropp/lessons/fungi/oomycetes/pages/lateblight.aspx
http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/abs/10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.12.1349
http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080615-095951?journalCode=phyto
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Vivianne_Vleeshouwers/publication/227662805_A_Ga_subunit_controls_zoospore_motility_and_virulence_in_the_potato_late_blight_pathogen_Phytophthora_infestans/links/09e4150a226792cbf0000000.pdf
http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/abs/10.1094/PDIS-05-11-0458
Regards
Prof. Houda Kawas
Article An ancient R gene from the wild potato species Solanum bulbo...
Article Severe outbreaks of late blight on potato and tomato in Sout...
Article A Gα subunit controls zoospore motility and virulence in the...
Dear Alex Ignatov
Is there coinfection with viral disease such PVY also
Regards
Prof. Houda Kawas
Dear Prof. Kawas,
Thank you for references. The potato seeds were clean of any infection including Potato Virus Y. First symptoms of Phytophthora were found on a few upper leaves, but were not typical of late blight (wilting and fast dry necrosis without visible sporulation), in a few days it was spread on other plant parts, especially on stems. Minor symptoms caused stem breakage and necrosis before any wilting, so most of plants had green healthy-looking leaves.
Regards
Alex
Dear Alex
In your research, no changes of humidity or temperature. In my previous field tests of potato cultivars to natural infection to viruses in infected areas, cultivars which infected with viruses were more sensitive to Phytophthora in the same field, and spread and wilt very fast in during hot weather.
Regards
Houda
Dear Alex,
The answers given are in place as well as some of the articles suggested. To me they are core response to your question. I had experience a serious Phytophthora stem rot in my in potatoe field some years back and also had another one on my cow pea trial early this year and when I approached a pathologist for an answer, high temperature and humidity were actually the main factor for the occurance of infection although some lines are susceptible to.
In Him,
Ngalamu
Dear Alex,
The ocurrence of stem symptoms of late blight is common when there are epidemics. They are favour by the humidity that keeps within the plant canopy, since it has shade and can preserve longer the dew. You may have not seen the spread of leaf symptons if the is no rains that would speed up the epidemy. The stem cankers may be early infections that has continued developing. I attached references on late blight sympoms published by CIP. I hope this has helped you.
Regards
http://cipotato.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/005446.pdf
http://cipotato.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/006154.pdf
http://cipotato.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/004358.pdf
I think the role of the angle formed by the leaf origin and the stem must not be underestimated for Phytophthora infections. This were the water (and sporangia!) will linger the longest. This can be seen in your 3rd Picture. So this might be one of the origins of heavy stem infections during late blight epidemics which, of course, is dependent on the weather conditions of the respective year.
Jan,
I think you are right. It plays a special role at warm weather with short nights (middle of summer).
Alex
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