Insulin resistance occurs when cells don't respond effectively to insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar. This condition can lead to elevated blood glucose levels, potentially causing various health issues. It may contribute to type 2 diabetes, weight gain, fatigue, and an increased risk of heart disease. Insulin resistance also affects the pancreas, prompting it to produce more insulin, which can strain the organ over time. Lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet and regular exercise, are crucial in managing insulin resistance.
Insulin resistance, beside the genetic mechanisms, is a consequence of the lifestyle of the person: low physical activity and hypercaloric food behavior, frequently with overwait and before the development of the diabetes mellitus. For the majority of the persons, this is the beginning of the chronic systemic inflammation, dyslipidemia, blood pressure elevation, atherogenesis and following rise of the cardiovascular risk etc.
Emerging evidence also suggests that inflammation can trigger insulin resistance. Since excess sugar is converted into FFAs, these FFAs can induce inflammation which ultimately affects the translocation of GLUT4 receptors.
Hyperinsulinemia also cause hyperandrogenism that is detrimental to female reproductive endocrinology
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