Depending upon your discipline you may want to consider the following books:

• Rowe, P. G. (1991). Design thinking. MIT press.
• Norman, D. (2013). The design of everyday things: Revised and expanded edition. Constellation.
• Yee, J., Jefferies, E., & Michlewski, K. (2017). Transformations: 7 Roles to Drive Change by Design. BIS Publishers.

There are many articles and conference papers on research gate that can be considered. I recently added conference papers on design thinking in education. Here are a few you might want to consider:

• Loescher, S. T., Morris, M., & Lerner, T. (2019, February). An introduction to Design Thinking: Implications and applications in K-12 educational institutions. A conference paper session presented at the Center for Secondary School Redesign annual meeting, San Diego, CA.
• Silverman, H. (2017). Designerly ways for action research. In H. Bradury (eds.) The SAGE handbook of action research. London, UK: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781473921290
• Razzouk, R., & Shute, V. (2012). What is design thinking and why is it important? Review of Educational Research, 82(3), 330-348. doi: 10.3102/0034654312457429
• Mosely, G., Wright, N., & Wrigley, C. (2018). Facilitating design thinking: A comparison of design expertise. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 27, 177-189. doi: 10.1016/j.tsc.2018.02.004

Thanks & I really appreciate.

if you are interested in understanding how design happens you might want to look at several books that I have written particularly How Designers Think and just published The Design Students Journey: understanding how designers think. I would be happy to deal with questions here then.

Prof. Lawson please,

I would like to know in a simple term how can a student design? what to consider? why design science? and what make design science different from any other design?

Thank you

that's not approach, rather I know it as a research field...you may look at profile of Prof. Amaresh Chakrabarti as an example...

Azam Nemati Chermahini Thank you ....

Just wanted to use a particular design science process as an approach in my work.

Dear Colleague Adam,

I am afraid, there is nothing like a 'design science process' (likewise science does not have any predetermined, prefabricated or standardized process). Every design process is unique (and complicated) and can only be circumscribed by an uncountable number of factors. But not deterministically, since it would kill the essence of design (namely, searching for relative optimum solutions based on incomplete and uncertain formal and informal knowledge). This is exactly what we try to teach to our students: how to navigate on the ocean of epistemological and methodological uncertainties ...

Kind regards, I.H.

Dr. Imre Horvath please i came across a model called DSRM process model in this Article A Design Science Research Methodology for Information Systems Research

after reading an article that adopted the model: Mediating Citizen-Sourcing of Open Government Application -A design Science Approach. I want to do the same. Is it ok if i do so? and can i call it design science approach?

Thanks for your kind assistance

Dear Dr. Adam,

I just express my personal opinion here … First of all, the term 'design science research' is a buzzword for me. The mentioned paper is interesting, but a typical one of those which tried bringing design research into the study of general information systems. An explicit purpose of these efforts was to integrate information system design as a major enabler of exploration and understanding in information system research. According to my understanding this means creation and application of mental models that are design centered (i.e. based on the principles of design) and to impose them on some various phenomena that are rooted in information systems, or on their manifestations, or the related processes.

I must tell you, I always felt a problem with the vague word of ‘design science research’ for two reasons: (i) design (science) research is not one thing but many (I tried to capture these in one of my old papers, attached), and (ii) instead of the epistemologically and methodologically unclarified approaches, we need systematic (well justifiable) methodological approaches (or at least a proper understanding of what design principles, designed artifacts, and creative designers can/should do for research in various contexts). I also included a paper concerning this issue. This latter is partially in line with what the authors of the paper mentioned by you cited: "Design science…creates and evaluates IT artifacts intended to solve identified organizational problems.” What I see as a contribution of this paper is importing design thinking (and high-level design knowledge) into the process of studying information systems, and use certain implementation of IT system prototypes as evolving research means.

Finally, back to your operative question... Yes, of course you may use 'design science research' if this is the best to address the method of studying the phenomena that you intend to make an inquiry in. In the paper on the link, blueprints are used for prototyping and doing research with. Fine. However, I personally would refer to it as inclusion of design thinking in explorative reseach, or as using evolving design prototypes/means as enablers of research exploration. Validation of the findings will probably need other approach.

I wish you a very successful research.

Warm regards,

I.H.

can we take 'design science' as an equivalent for 'design engineering'? ...and dozen of questions you made in my mind...

Dear Azam.

Design science and design engineering are two different and clearly demarcatable domains with specific relationships.

Best regards,

I.H.

Dear Dr. Imre Horvath ,

Thank you very much. You have already said it all.

I actually intent to use design thinking in the process of studying information system and implementation of a system prototype. But anytime i mentioned design science people asked me questions that got me confused. Because they came from different disciplines so they mixed information systems, IT and design science. perhaps, somebody can import design thinking as a methodology in studying any system or designing artifact for implementation of an IT system prototype.

Once again Thank You.

There is something called a systematic design methodology that integrate design thinking with some common design tools/practices like DFX, TRIZ ..etc.

It helps, but though designing things is like diagnosing a disease, it is a skill you gain through practice and experience !

Check this paper, I found it really great for teaching design methodology to undergrad engineers.

Maybe you can find something in this article or the references provided in it, good luck:

Cross, Nigel., 1993. A HISTORY OF DESIGN METHODOLOGY. Retrieved 12.06.2016: https://monoskop.org/images/6/66/Cross_Nigel_1993_A_History_of_Design_Methodology.pdf

An Introduction to Design Science by Johannesson, Paul, Perjons, Erik (2014). I do not know if this is the latest one. But a comprehensive one, though.

Thank you Preben Hansen

You can find LAST publications in design science journal as well :)))

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/design-science

Katja Thoring , Azam Nemati Chermahini , Preben Hansen , Khuplianlam Tungnung Esra'a Abdelall Esra'a Abdelall Thank you very much. I really appreciate your contributions.

Dear Usman,

Adding to what Katja wrote above. Hevner et al. provide an updated version of their concept of design science in the context of digital innovation in a recent article in Business Information Systems Engineering journal. They describe different roles and concepts of design science and thereby provide a good complement to their 2004 article:

Hevner, A., vom Brocke, J. & Maedche, A. Bus Inf Syst Eng (2019) 61: 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-018-0571-z

Best regards,

Wolfgang

Great information and recommendations - thank you!