I am trying to estimate based on above ground biomass / species / location. I have few reliable sources to estimate above ground carbon storage in a forest but what about a remote method to capture below ground carbon?
Sorry I'm coming to this discussion late! If you figure out the answer let us know! We have been producing lots of above-ground biomass remote sensing estimates and field-based soil cores in Southeast Asia, but upscaling the soil core carbon data in the same way as the above-ground biomass is tricky. Need to know soil depth, mangrove age, and in the cores carbon is variable spatially and with depth. The attached paper talks about how tricky it is (for terrestrial forests).
I think below ground carbon estimation based on above ground carbon should be conducted with a large amount of statistic data. Aside from the above answers, I suggest you read a review paper: Bouillon, S., Borges, A. V., Castañeda‐Moya, E., Diele, K., Dittmar, T., Duke, N. C., Kristensen, E., Lee, S. Y., Marchand, C., & Middelburg, J. J. (2008). Mangrove production and carbon sinks: a revision of global budget estimates. Global Biogeochem. Cy., 22(2).
If you actually wanna sample below ground carbon pools for estimating, there is a nice, internationally standardized protocol published by CIFOR, the authors are Kauffmann and Donato et al. 2012