YAC vectors have maximum insert capacity of millions of base pairs but it can be used as vector. Shuttle vector between bacteria and humans. In bacteria it can be used for cloning. But bacteria only have 4-5 kbps chromosomes length then how it can be used for cloning of millions of bps. Then how it can be used as a shuttle vectors.
Bacterial chromosomes are usually measured in millions of base pairs, not thousands of base pairs. The largest sequenced bacterial genome is actually a bit larger than the haploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. So bacteria can certainly handle replicating millions of base pairs. However, it's kind of impractical to work with plasmids that large (and difficult to transform them), and just because a YAC can carry millions of base pairs doesn't mean it has to carry that much. As long as it carries both a yeast origin of replication and a bacterial origin of replication, and practically speaking, a selection marker for both, it can act as a shuttle vector. Those functions can easily fit into a plasmid ~10 kbp or less.
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