Soheila Rezaitabar

If you need to reduce the EC = salinity by 75% (from 20 000 to 5 000 µS/cm) in a sustainable way then one would also need to know the levels of the main cations Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++ as well of the main anions Cl-, SO4(-2) and HCO3-.

If one wants to use membrane filtration (NF or RO) or ion exchange then the oil and organics (COD, BOD) would need to be removed first as to prevent fouling of the membranes resp. the ion exchange resins.

Please also inform us about the source of this wastewater.

Kind regards,

Bruno

You can use coagulation to get rid some of the particles carrying chemicals and metals affecting EC.

Rajat Chakraborti

With all respect but coagulation implies adding MORE ions such as from ferric chloride FeCl3 or alum Al2(SO4)3 resulting in even HIGHER EC.

In addition, how could coagulation remove salts such as sodium chloride NaCl ?

Use ACH as primary coagulant, perform zeta test with the WW sample to determine exact ACH dose at charge neutralization condition using zeta meter, record the particle surface charge, conduct jar test with THAT (at charge neutralization) dose (not in sweep floc condition) upon fast mixing at G=100s-1 for 2 minutes, followed by slow mixing at G=5 s-1 for 2 hours, let the sample precipitate for 2 hours, remove the supernatant very slowly (without disturbing the precipitate) and screen the supernatant with a 0.2 micron screen. Check EC.