The brake power of the engine, compression ratio, bore, stroke of cylinder, are important parameters to be considered for designing of four stroke gasoline engine. The placement of spark plug is also important parameter on cylinder head. Deduced paramters are peak pressure, brake mean effective pressure, clearance volume etc.,
When we talk about design of a petrol/diesel engine we divide our engine into different sub-system and try to analyze the behavior for e.g. Air System, Fuel System, Combustion System, Transmission etc. Say for e.g. Like based on the cc(volume) of a engine we decide on the throttle size based on the mass flow requirement. I can recommend you Book on IC Engines by Heywood.. I really liked this book.
There are lots of parameters are required to start Engine Design. Before proceeding to design do some basics calculations for Engine Required Power according to need of engine application. Please consider all the resistances which you want to overcome. Than add some surpluse power in it.
In vehicle applications: Few resistances are Rolling, Aero Forces and Grade Resistance. Calculate them and apply relative coefficients according to application.
Than according to required power and load carrying capacity calculate all basic parameters for fuel used, quantity of fuel, desired engine pressure, maximum pressures etc.
After getting basic variables you can calculate further for other relative parameters. Find mechanical, thermal efficiency by using fuel air cycles for fundamental values.
Than you can calculate the Enthalpies for reactants and products and can solve the other parameters.
Than arrange all the parameters and start designing for individual components with suitable material selection.
Before we calculate the design for 4 strokes engine design we need to really understand 1 stroke design calculation at which point of view of the specify engine parts first and the needs of thspecify engine parts . Fin a lot thanks all my