For direct detection of dislocation in HRTEM images, you need to look at the images under very shallow angle. In the age of digitization, it means, applying some distortion in digital image software. Please see our publication from 1988 (and maybe its citations):
The dislocation density (δ) is the length of dislocation lines per unit volume of the crystal and could be calculated using Williamson-Smallman relation:
δ=1/D^2 D is the grain size that can be evaluated using Scherrer formula. For more detail. you can follow bellow reference:
D is the grain size that can be evaluated using Scherrer formula in xrd analysis software.