This experiment was performed and described for the first time by Michael Faraday, almost 200 years ago, would be great to find his paper about it...
Do refer Turkevich paper on colloidal gold part 1 and part 2.
Synthesis of gold nanoparticles prepared for the first time by Michael Faraday and later further explained by Turkevich. It involves the reaction of chloroauric acid with small amounts of sodium citrate solution. Gold nanoparticles with smaller size will form due to citrate ions act as a reducing agent and as well as capping agent. By varying the concentration of goldchloride and citrate, different size of gold nanoparticles will form.
Basic information on the synthesis of gold nanoparticles by following the links:
http://www.chem.sc.edu/faculty/greytak/chem749/faraday-philtrans-1857-au-nanoparticles.pdf
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja00904a001?journalCode=jacsat&quickLinkVolume=85&quickLinkPage=3317&selectedTab=citation&volume=85
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF01498565
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/1994/c3/c39940000801#!divAbstract
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp9091305
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