Dear researchers,

We know that spiral wound, hollow fiber, and plate and frame configurations are three membrane module types. However, no particular text is about the fabrication of plate and frame modules. Besides, there is no video on Youtube. Only a general explanation on the internet uses some words such as: "molding OR bolting OR friction-welding OR hot pressing the ingredients together" which is not understandable to me. Accordingly, I do not know how to stick (1) flat sheet polymeric membrane, (2) spacer, (3) foil sheet, and (4) frames together to produce a single plate and frame module.

Could you please help me know?

Thank you so much in advance.