In the problem of my interest, an airfoil is subjected to fluctuating flow forces associated with vortex shedding. The objective is to examine airfoil stability.

In the literature, I saw drag and lift coefficients usually reported as time-averaged or RMS values. However, I'm not sure whether a stability analysis based on these values is sufficient or the fluctuating components of drag and lift might play a dominant role in airfoil stability. How can one quantify the significance of these fluctuations? How to account for flow unsteadiness caused by vortex shedding in such a stability problem?

I appreciate any advice.

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