There are two typical model about this. The first one is that collagen fibers can be modelled by truss elements carrying only tensile stresses and by rebar type elements embedded in 3D solid elements. the other one is that the rebar elements are uniaxial reinforcements in solid elements which can be defined as surface layers with uniformly spaced reinforcing bars. I see the difference between these two methods in 'Three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model of lumbar intervertebral disc' study done by Lodgowski T. et al (2005). However, I couldn't find the details about how to perform them in Abaqus. Could you have any suggestions about this situation?
As shown in the paper describing the research you have mentioned, there are many ways to simulate the collagen fibers, starting with the simplest (connector element model) where the fibers are simulated by one element with 6 degrees of freedom and 18 components. the most complex is composed of 5 types of elements (solid, membrane, shell, re-bars and fluid). with many elements and degrees of freedom. Your question is about the complex finite element model and for that you need to read more about solid, membrane, shell, rebars and fluid elements and after that you need to read about interaction between them. Abaqus manual (available online or using documentation) will show you the steps to simpler models. you will need to learn how to do define the interaction between different elements and defining boundary condition for your case.
Ahmed Arafat. Actually, I made some search in literature and read Abaqus documents and I decided to create some layers in Annulus. These layers would be defined as membranes which have oriented rebar elements. Then, they would be embedded in Annulus ground matrix. I plan to follow such a way.
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