the accepted definition of a quantum particle is subject to Schrödinger dynamics as opposed to Newtonian dynamics.
But we can find many interpretations of the quantum particle concept which we present in the following :
1-SE implies a certain limitation on the size or volume of the quantum particle V.
In other words there exists a critical volume Vc where if V> Vc the particle is subject to Newtonian classical mechanics.
As a first estimate, the critical size Vc is that of a single atom.
2-A quantum particle has a wave function which is the solution of the Schrödinger equation, with the Hamiltonian the Hamiltonian of the single particle, defined as an operator in Hilbert space.
3-A particle whose de broglie wavelength (for example h/mv) is much smaller than the physical size of the particle is a classical particle. otherwise it's quantum.
4-The exact definition of quantum particles: A particle that could exist in several positions at a given time on its path.
5-. Classical physics can be seen as an emergence from the decoherence of quantum states. Disturbances from the outside world “observe” the particles in question and locate them. The scale Vc therefore depends both on the particle considered and the environment.
6-what is “particle”? ” and “what is “quantum”?”
Matter” – and therefore everything in Matter, i.e. “particles”, “fields”, etc., “Consciousness”, “Space”, “Time”, “Energy”, “Information”; which are basically completely transcendent/uncertain/irrational in mainstream philosophy and science, including mainstream physics, and so in any case, when the mainstream tackles a truly fundamental problem, then the result is completely inevitably something something transcendent/mystical.
7-The quantum particle itself has a wave function which is the Schrödinger solution which extends (to the outer limit of the spatial phase of the a priori entity).
In contrast, the world of quantum particles is that which is estimated to be equal to or smaller than an atom (atomic and subatomic world), which means that Vc is approximately the size of an atom.
8- A quantum particle is a “portion” that cannot decrease further.
. . .
Of course, some definitions are better than others, but which ones?
“How many non-contradictory definitions exist for the quantum particle?”
- now there exist only one really scientific general definition of what is quantum particle – in the Shevchenko-Tokarevsky’s Planck scale informational physical model, in this case it is enough to read two papers
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354418793_The_Informational_Conception_and_the_Base_of_Physics
and https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367397025_The_Informational_Physical_Model_and_Fundamental_Problems_in_Physics.
Though the problem “what is quantum particle” is rigorously scientifically answered/clarified in SS posts in a rather short thread https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_correct_definition_of_a_quantum_particle/2
Cheers
Ismail Abbas
Dear Ismail
You wrote: "3-A particle whose de broglie wavelength (for example h/mv) is much smaller than the physical size of the particle is a classical particle. otherwise it's quantum."
Note that there is a long standing misunderstanding in the mainstream physics community about the meaning of h/mv as defined by de Broglie in his 1924 thesis, for the simple reason that his thesis has remained untranslated from French until very recently (2021):
Book Research on the theory of quanta
This misunderstanding amounts to a complete ignorance in mainstream of the true foundation of quantum mechanics and of its deeply seated roots in classical physics.
The general inability in mainstream to read French for the past hundred years is the cause of this misunderstanding that amounts to a complete ignorance in this community of the true foundation of quantum mechanics and of its deeply seated roots in classical physics.
This issue is now addressed by the de Broglie 1924 thesis, which is at the origin of quantum mechanics, having now been formally translated to English for proper analysis and reference.
He established h/mv as the invariant relation between Planck's constant and the fixed momentum energy of the electron in the ground state of the Bohr atom. Nothing more.
So this does not establish any transit level between any classical view and quantum view of elementary particles. It simply is the smallest cycle of the integer related sequence of longer resonance wavelengths of the other orbitals allowed in the hydrogen atom, which is what inspired Schrödinger to come up with his wave equation, which is a simple wave mechanics transposition of the de Broglie kinematic mechanics equation, that establishes the resonance volumes of electrons within their orbitals in the hydrogen atom as ideally represented in the Bohr atom, that de Broglie discovered.
The real meaning of h/mv as established by de Broglie from direct analysis of his 1924 equation is now for the first time fully documented and analysed in Section 6 of this article:
Article Electromagnetic and Kinematic Mechanics Synchronized in thei...
Ismael
You have to compare with the distance between particles, not the size of the particle.
That only determines if the gas or fluid is
Quantum.
In general all elementary particles can be
Considered quantum.
But molecules and such may also be considered so, depending on conditions.
the accepted definition of a quantum particle is the object subject to Schrödinger dynamics as opposed to Newtonian dynamics.
This means that a quantum particle is an isolated particle in infinite free space.
The interpretations of the quantum particle are those subject to
Schrodinger PDE limitation on the size or volume of the quantum particle V and therefore there exists a critical volume Vc where if V> Vc the particle is subject to Newtonian classical mechanics.
As a first estimate, the critical size Vc is that of a single atom.
However, for the giant E. Schrödinger himself, he extended the concept of quantum particle to any microscopic or macroscopic object that cannot be observed or measured.
According to Schrödinger, understand that the cat in a closed box is a quantum particle !?
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