In the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, we know, for example, that the hue angles 0 deg (red), 120 deg (green) and 240 deg (blue) correspond to visible light colours. And every colour in the visible part of the spectrum as a wavelength that corresponds to a particular visible colour.
https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/hue-saturation-and-brightness
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hue
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromaticity
http://www.huevaluechroma.com/014.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominant_wavelength
I think the last one is probably the most helpful - but you need to know to transform the circle into that shape.
https://www.cambridgeincolour.com/forums/thread13479.htm may help
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_and_HSV
The pdf attached probably gives the mapping you want!
Roses are red, violets are blue...
Violets are not that blue if you take a digital picture! The sRGB is a subset of what the human eye can see. Kodak made an effort to enlarge the color-set: ProPhotoRGB. Still a subset though.
Dear J. F. Peters,
please note that different wavelengths appear as different spectral colors. But in everyday life, we do not see pure spectral colors, but mixtures of them. Each hue can be imitated by a certain spectral color and some white light, but that does not mean that each hue is due to only one wavelength. Different spectral compositions may produce the same color impression (hue). This is known as metamerism. Each wavelength corresponds to a particular color, but a given color can be due to a combination of lights of different wavelengths.
Kind regards,
Sascha Grusche
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