What is the protocol for infecting the influenza virus mouse model and how is it confirmed?
Kais Khudhair al Hadrawi
Clinical Symptoms: Observing clinical signs of illness in the infected mice, such as lethargy, weight loss, huddling behavior, ruffled fur, and respiratory distress, can provide initial evidence of infection. Histopathology: Postmortem examination of mouse tissues, particularly the lungs, can reveal characteristic histopathological changes associated with influenza virus infection. These changes may include inflammation, bronchiolitis, alveolitis, and epithelial cell damage. Virus Detection: Various methods can be used to detect the presence of the influenza virus in mouse tissues, including: Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Antibodies specific to influenza virus antigens can be used to stain tissue sections, allowing visualization of viral proteins within infected cells. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): Molecular techniques like PCR can detect viral RNA in tissue samples. This method provides sensitive and specific detection of the virus. Virus Isolation: The virus can be isolated from infected mouse tissues and cultured in cell lines to confirm its presence. Serology: Blood samples can be collected from infected mice to detect the presence of influenza-specific antibodies using techniques like ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) or HI (Hemagglutination Inhibition) assay. The presence of antibodies indicates a host immune response to the virus. In Vivo Imaging: Fluorescent or bioluminescent reporter viruses can be used to monitor viral replication and spread in live mice using in vivo imaging techniques. This allows for real-time tracking of viral dynamics within the host.
In a mouse model, confirming influenza virus infection involves several methods, including:
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