How does tillage intensity impact water-use efficiency and irrigation requirements in drip-irrigated sugarcane ?

01 January 1970 1 4K Report

How does tillage intensity impact water-use efficiency and irrigation requirements in drip-irrigated sugarcane and what role does trash retention play in reducing irrigation demand and improving soil moisture retention?

Dragan Ugrinov

Himanshu Tiwari

The intensity of soil tillage significantly affects water use efficiency and irrigation needs in drip-irrigated sugarcane. The way the soil is prepared and maintained directly influences water infiltration, evaporation, and moisture retention.

Impact of Tillage Intensity on Water Use Efficiency and Irrigation Needs:

Intensive Tillage (Deep and Frequent Tillage)Increased Evaporation – Deep tillage can disrupt soil structure, leading to higher moisture loss through evaporation. Reduced Organic Matter – Accelerated decomposition of organic matter decreases the soil's ability to retain moisture. Higher Irrigation Demand – Faster moisture loss necessitates more frequent irrigation, reducing overall water use efficiency.

Minimal or Conservation TillageImproved Infiltration and Water Retention – Maintaining soil structure allows for better water retention in the root zone. Lower Irrigation Requirements – Less disturbed soil holds moisture better, reducing the frequency of irrigation. Preservation of Organic Matter – Organic matter enhances the soil’s capacity to store water.

Role of Trash Retention in Reducing Irrigation Demand and Enhancing Soil Moisture Retention:

Reduced Evaporation – A cover of crop residues acts as a barrier, limiting direct exposure of the soil to sunlight and wind, thus minimizing water loss through evaporation.

Improved Infiltration – A layer of organic material slows water runoff, allowing better penetration into deeper soil layers.

Soil Structure Preservation – Reduces erosion and soil compaction, enabling sugarcane roots to access water more effectively.

Microbial Activity – The decomposition of organic material enhances the humus layer, increasing the soil's water-holding capacity.

Minimal tillage and trash retention are effective strategies for reducing irrigation demand in drip-irrigated sugarcane. These practices improve soil moisture retention, decrease evaporation, and enhance water infiltration, leading to more efficient use of available water resources and a reduction in overall irrigation needs.

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