There is no way of telling without more context. I would suppose that teaching design thinking principles and methods would result in more time spent exploring the problem space and perhaps more iterations. To the point of collaboration, design methods can function as a shared reference for a group when reflection-in and -on-action (see, e.g. Article THE DARK SIDE OF METHODS – AN EXPLORATION OF THE NEGATIVE EF...
). The question becomes more complicated if we are talking about actual thinking and how thinking like a designer influences the learning outcomes of invention-based learning. Here, experience and the supporting mindset become important. Mindset has been shown to affect the experience of using design methods (see
Article A personal matter? An investigation of students’ design proc...
). I am currently working on a paper that explores the relationship between some of the complex variables that influence learning outcomes in a context where design methodology is used for scaffolding in an innovation project.