We are synthesizing ciprofloxacin-loaded albumin nanoparticles. Albumuin nanoparticles is synthesized with proper size. Zeta potential and stability by desolvation method. The problem is precipitation of ciprofloxacin-loaded albumin nanoparticles when we add ciprofloxacin-HCl (about 10 mg/ml) whether during albumin nanoparticle synthesis or after it for encapsulation of ciprofloxacin into albumin nanoparticles. We guessed that it maybe because of decreasing the pH of reaction by ciprofloxacin-HCl but initial increasing the pH of ciprofloxacin-HCl even to 11 did not solve the problem.
What is your suggestion for preventing the precipitation of ciprofloxacin-loaded albumin nanoparticles?
Thank you in advance
Changes in pH can lead to precipitation, so one effective solution is to maintain a stable pH using an appropriate buffer solution. By optimizing the pH and buffer conditions, adjusting the formulation and loading methods, using stabilizers, and carefully controlling the desolvation process, you can prevent the precipitation of ciprofloxacin-loaded albumin nanoparticles.
Ramezan Ali Taheri
Try investigating the effect of urea on the stability of your system.
Article Effect of Physiological Concentration of Urea on the Conform...
Dear Ramezan Ali Taheri, I think you are using too much drug than it should be. Excess of the drug leads to increased concentration of Cl anions, which have strong influence on ordering the structure of water (page 6 in the attached doc). If you are not familiar with structure maker/breaker ions and chemicals, start reading the book of Linus Pauling - The Nature of the Chemical Bond and the Structure of Molecules and Crystals 3rd edition (1960).
By the way, urea is a structure breaking component in your case, it destroys the H-bonding and helix folding of albumin, so it may be an additional source of instability if added. My Regards
Addition of small amount of SDS in your case may bring stability.
https://doi.org/10.1021/la981442f
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