in plant fossil, phytocompounds are presented in very small quantity. Please provide the extraction methods which can be applied on 1-10 gm of fossil plant sample
Isolation of the sulfide and thiophene classes of compounds from petroleum are described. For isolation of sulfide elective oxidation of first the sulfides to sulfoxides, followed by silica gel separation of the sulfoxides and their reduction back to sulfides. The thiophenes are then separated from the sulfide-free oil by selective oxidation to sulfones, followed by silica gel separation of the sulfones from the oil and their reduction back to thiophenes. For extraction of compounds from rocks, it will be dissolution and water extraction of biocarbonate ores, de-alloying and precipitation methods are used. For plant fossils you can use solvents benzene and petroleum ether, but for leaves you can use hydroxylation eith by water extraction or by ethanol or methanol extraction. Electro-leaching can be applied for fossils which are total metalic, and rest of the organic waste is rextracted for carbon, potassium or sodium compounds.Fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas, which are derived from ancient organisms, necessarily contain organosulfur compounds, the removal of which is a major focus of oil refineries.
Sulfur shares the chalcogen group with oxygen, selenium and tellurium, and it is expected that organosulfur compounds have similarities with carbon–oxygen, carbon–selenium and carbon–tellurium compounds, which is true to some extent.A classical chemical test for the detection of sulfur compounds is the Carius halogen method.Not all organosulfur compounds are foul-smelling pollutants.The most common organosulfur compound present in all petroleum fractions is thiophene (C4H4S), a cyclic and aromatic liquid. In addition, the heavy fractions of oil contain benzothiophene (C8H6S, thianaphtene) and dibenzothiophene. Most of the last compounds are solids and smell like naphthalene. Many methylated, dimethyl, diethyl benzothiophene derivatives are present in diesel and fuel oils which make fuel oils very difficult to clean.