Sakshi Saini Use sonication and a small amount of surfactant like Tween 80 or PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) to mix TiO2 nanoparticles evenly in the biopolymer solution.

Ohhh, thanks, I will try it, could it be possible that these NPs mix well with continuous magnetic stirring?@ Alvena Shahid,

Modify the surface of TiO₂ to make them more compatible with the biopolymer matrix by using surfactants like CTAB or by using sonicator or by using high shear mixing. This should be enough and you can check the following link

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.11.012

To disperse TiO₂ nanoparticles well in a biopolymeric solution, use surface modification or dispersing agents combined with ultrasonication to prevent aggregation. Alternatively, consider in situ synthesis of TiO₂ within the polymer matrix for uniform distribution.