I am attaching tutorial that give you idea about '' how to model crack on steel plate using Abaqus''.similarly, you can use procedure to composite material also...
Virtual Crack Closure Technique can be well appropriated to describe it.
VCCT for Abaqus is a capability within Abaqus/Standard that analyzes brittle interfacial crack propagation due to delamination/debonding using the Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT). VCCT is a well-known public domain postprocessing and remeshing technique that provides progressive crack growth between bonded surfaces based on the fracture toughness of the bond and the strain energy release rate at the crack tip. VCCT for Abaqus is based on patented technology licensed by Abaqus that allows VCCT to be calculated at runtime rather than as a postprocessing exercise. It provides the user with complete functionality for analyzing and understanding the stiffness, strength, damage tolerance, and residual strength of bonded composite structures.
but in VCCT, we should have a crack initially whereas we want to simulate damage initiation and evolution. so I think we should use Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) and apply a failure Criterion (e.g. Hashin) to initiate the failure.
I'm working in Rock fracture analysis, im trying to implement both VCCT as well as Cohesive Zone Damage (CZD) model in conjunction with XFEM. But recently i encountered with one paper of modelling rock with Concrete damage plasticity and when tried to implement that in ABAQUS, i got stuck in Crack properties. A help is required, to suggest a correct model to use ?