APOE4 is an isoform of apolipoprotien which is mainly associated with Alzheimer's Disease. There are other classes of apolipoproteins like A, B, C, D, F, G,H. APOE4 is class E. Since it is an isoform, there much be some way it can be converted to some other class by biochemical manipulation.
They are products of different genes so the similarity is mainly on their name and some aspects of their function rather than amino acid sequence or their tertiary structures. Though if I'm not mistaking there should be an abstract during ICAD conference in Chicago or Vienna some years ago where a Japanese researcher showed that homocysteine can modify tertiary structure of ApoE e3 protein to resemble that of ApoE4. This was his explanation for homocysteinemia increases the risk of AD.
But in this case their is only one aa difference between apoe e3 and e4 .
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