please read my answers below :

When modeling the Dielectrophoresis (DEP) force on a particle with multiple shells in COMSOL Multiphysics, the order of modeling the shells can impact the accuracy and complexity of your simulation. Here's a suggested approach:

1. Core Particle (Cytoplasm):Start by modeling the core particle, which in this case is the cytoplasm of the T-lymphocyte. Define the material properties, geometry, and initial conditions for the core particle.

2. First Shell (Cell Membrane):Model the first shell, which is the cell membrane. Apply appropriate material properties, thickness, and boundary conditions to simulate the behavior of the cell membrane.

3. Second Shell (Nuclear Membrane):Model the second shell, which represents the nuclear membrane. Apply similar steps as for the cell membrane, considering the material properties, thickness, and interactions between the nuclear membrane and cytoplasm.

4. Core of Second Shell (Nucleus):Model the core of the second shell, which represents the nucleus itself. Define its material properties, geometry, and any relevant parameters.

5. Third Shell (Nucleus Membrane):Model the third shell, which is the nuclear membrane. Apply similar steps as for the cell membrane and nuclear membrane to define its properties.

6. DEP Force Modeling:Once you've modeled the particle with multiple shells, you can proceed to incorporate the DEP force. Apply appropriate physics interfaces, such as Electric Currents or Electrostatics, to simulate the DEP effect on each shell based on their respective dielectric properties.

7. Boundary Conditions and Excitation:Define the boundary conditions and excitation methods (e.g., electric field) that will induce the DEP forces on the various shells. Consider the interactions between the shells and how they respond to the applied field.

8. Coupling and Multiphysics:If there are interactions between the shells or if their behavior affects each other, you may need to set up multiphysics coupling between different physics interfaces.

9. Meshing and Simulation:Create a suitable mesh for the entire model and perform simulations to observe the behavior of the particle with multiple shells under DEP forces.

When it comes to the order of modeling the shells, it's generally advisable to start from the core and work outward. This helps ensure that the interactions and physics of each shell are properly accounted for. In the case of the T-lymphocyte, you would start with the cytoplasm as the core, then model the cell membrane, followed by the nucleus, nuclear membrane, and any additional layers.

Remember to validate your model using experimental data or existing literature to ensure its accuracy and reliability. The order of modeling the shells should follow the logical progression of the particle's structure, from the innermost core outward to the outermost layers.

Thanks so much for your response.

Your answer is very helpful

However, I am unclear about what you meant by nucleus membrane as distinct from nuclear membrane.

The membrane of a nucleus is called a nuclear membrane, so these words refer to the same. If not, kindly shed more light.

As stated earlier, the answer is very helpful

Thanks again