When I was in the military, you might go two or three days with little or no sleep, in support of your unit. I think the ploice and firefighters sometimes do the same.
Emergency and medical services are described here: Miller, J. (2013). Shiftwork: An Annotated Bibliography. Smashwords. https://www.amazon.com/Shiftwork-Annotated-Bibliography-Fatigue-Safety-ebook/dp/B00C5NCHMO/ref=la_B00C4DHAJK_1_8?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1509110836&sr=1-8
It is very interesting question, on the one hand it regards to shift work effects and employment regulation. On the other hand, when we think about it for military operation you should think what is the best and safe way to keep the soldier awake for the mission.