The phenomenon of inbreeding increases the level of homozygotes for autosomal recessive genetic disorders and generally leads to a decreased fitness of a population known as inbreeding depression.
Inbreeding has been associated with increased risk of adverse prenatal outcomes including stillbirths, low birth weight, preterm delivery, abortion, infant and child mortality, congenital birth defects, cognitive impairments, malformations and many other complex disorders.
You will have to obtain a measurement of how much an individual is inbred (for example, by genetic markers or by reliable lineage or marriage data several generations backwards) and then mesaure the outcomes of interest (for example, IQ) in each individual. With these measures you could conduct simple regression analysis to see whether (and how much) inbreeding is associated with IQ. I would, however, make sure to look for curvelinear associations, because strong outbreeding could, at least, teoretically have negative effects as well.
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