During field performance evaluation of biofertilizers such as nitrogen fixer, zinc solubilizers which factors may be responsible for better performance. As I have noticed during poly house trial difference between biofertilizers and inorganic fertilzers are significant but at field level all time not satisfactory. So which factors I have to take into considerations for better performance?
Regards, Shuvrah
Agree to the comments by Richardo Vieira Santos. Efficiency of biofertilizers had been attributed mainly to their complex interaction with SOC vis-a-vis cropping system in reported or reviewed works. SOC, resistant to decomposition had been shown to respond poorly to applied biofertilizers. Similarly, the efficiency of biofertilizers was observed better under mixed or diversified cropping than under mono culture, especially with intensive use of fertilizers/pesticides.
I Agree to comments by Richardo Vieira Santos. Effectiveness of bio-fertilizers had been attributed mainly to their complex interaction with SOC. The SOC, resistant to decomposition, had been shown to respond poorly to applied bio-fertilizers. Further, the effectiveness of bio-fertilizers was reported better under mixed or diversified cropping than that under mono culture, especially with intensive use of fertilizers/pesticides. Therefore it seems appropriate to look into different strategies of bio-fertilizer application for maximum effectiveness keeping in view the agro-ecological soci-economical conditions of an area. One way for all situations might not be beneficial.
Some fascinating inputs by our learned colleagues , endorsing their response in totality . The important factors that must be taken into consideration while evaluating their efficacy for field performance are ; rhizocompetence of the microbes for that crop , you are looking at ; rhizosphere environment where from they are isolated ; initial organic carbon content of the soil; soil salinity/sodicity/acidity( for example, if we are evaluating biofertilizers in acidic soil, source of microbes must be necessarily acidic soil conditions in order to add value addition to such field studies) ; addition of some starter nutrients , preferably addressing the soil fertility constraints , since they also need some nutrients to multiply ; the parameters , you are looking at , initially those microbial biofertilizers may not be so distinctive in impact , but with time gone by and population buildup , they will be more distinctive in response; your mindset to to quantify the magnitude of crop response , since improvement in soil health-related properties without improvement in crop yield , could be equally remunerative in later years of field evaluation...
Factors affecting field performance of bio fertilizers may be include environmental conditions where this organisms live before, pH of media these organisms isolated from, pH of the field this microorganisms applied to ,the addition of pre or starter nutrients this organisms need for its activities ,and the kinds of organisms presence in the soil before bio fertilizers application .
The most important factors affecting field performance of bio-fertilizers are:
1. Available moisture in the field
2. Microbial population and compatability
3. Soil organic matter
4. Inorganic nutrients and pesticide application
5. Soil pH and EC
6. Method and doses of application
7. Crop specificity
8. Soil condition before and immediately after application
9. Soil temperature and rainfall
This is one of the reasons , why biofertilizers are so slow in crop response and so inconsistent in magnitude of response, when results are replicated from one geographic unit to another geographic unit..
As i noticed in field experiments soil moisture is one of the most important factors affecting microbes performance in arid zones ,followed by soil pH and EC ,natural microbes population and types in the soil before application ,crop specificity ,and starter fertilizer application.
Awesome answer by our colleagues...
For the tropics to be considered also when the application of biofertilizer, because the ultra violet emission from the sun in the tropics is very strong, and will affect the microbial mortality used. Application of biofertilizer is better done at sunset.
Looking at these uncertainities so frequently associated with crop response of biofertilizers , we have now shifted our approach from single inoculation to multiple inoculation, preferably through microbial consortium....
Hi Anoop thank you. We also trying the same such as multiple inoculation and consortiums
Thanks Shuvrah. We have already developed citrus specific microbial consortium . and , now expending this concept to different citrus cultivars grown under different agro-pedological conditions, since the efficacy of microbial consortium gets changed when we shift from one agroclimate to another agroclimate , though , crops may not change..?
Thanks Shuvrah. What is your take on the necessity of inoculation of different microbes as per crop phenological demand ...? There are certain microbes which undergo wide variation , but commensurate with crop phenology..?
Soil and atmospheric temperature, host crop, native soil microbial population, Soil nitrogen content if it is a nitrogen fixer, soil moisture, soil organic matter etc.
Shuvrah, we should also debate , how can we make biofertilizers more crop responsive?
Hi there!
Biofertilizers must be one of the best practices for agriculture as you discuss before. We share an optimism point of view about this agroecological practices but need to ask,
1) Is there some institutions, collectives or webs that works in sharing experiences or validate results?
2) Is this persons or institutions getting some kind of certification or are willing to publish scientific papers? Thanks for your comments.
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Hi Shuvrah
You can find several useful references on attachment 1
http://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9788132226420-c2.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1552881-p177714330
8
https://lib.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/001/789/921/RUG01-001789921_2012_0001_AC.pdf
9
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjEsqfG0ZjUAhWHKVAKHULoA4AQFghWMAk&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omicsonline.org%2Fopen-access%2Fsome-physical-and-chemical-properties-of-biofertilizers-2471-2728-1000161.php%3Faid%3D67257&usg=AFQjCNHv0coiZBBy8yVcU2jG42TjQyxfpg&sig2=aijf5qN09-bcSbpku6_r8Q
12
https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/org_farm/orgfarm_biofertilizertechnology.html
15
https://www.sciencetarget.com/Journal/index.php/IJAFR/article/download/132/123
16
https://www.academia.edu/12183841/EFFECT_OF_DIFFERENT_BIO-FERTILIZERS_ON_THE_GROWTH_AND_YIELD_PERFORMANCE_OF_HYBRID_CORN_Zea_mays_L._
18
http://dbtbiosafety.nic.in/guideline/OACD/Scale_up_of_micro_organisms_as_biofertilizers.pdf
20
https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JBAH/article/download/23266/24017
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