Hi there,
Is it about cloning steps or only about culture step? Well for the latter it's pretty straight forward : on glucose containing media expression will be very little whereas on galactose containing media expression will be maximum. So comparing the 2 conditions will tell you about the actual production.
In the most common cases, a pre-culture would be grown in a carbon source such as raffinose, ethanol or glycerol, which then would be induced by the addition of galactose. No centrifugation is necessary, just add Gal. When you start from a glucose-grown culture, you have to exchange the medium (by centrifugation of the cells and resuspending them in gal-containing medium) because glucose strongly represses the GAL promotor.
Switching from dextrose to galactose is not efficient, especially if your yeast strain has an invertase mutation in the background, e.g. 15D. I grow my yeast on a non-inducing carbon source overnight and add 2% galactose to induce expression of the GAL1 promoter-controlled gene in the cells for 30 minutes before cetrifuging them and resuspending in YEP-galactose; the reason for the centrifugation is to wash out alpha factor which I use to arrest the cells in G1 for my cell-cycle experiments.
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