In a previous question and answer the absence of a third dimension of time was applied to Kaluza Klein and EM radiation in cylindrical coordinates, identifying the lack of mass as a reason the third time dimension was identically zero.
Does Mass Arise From Adding A Third Independent Dimension Of Time?
One might argue that it is the addition of mass and charge that creates the passage of time.
On the other hand Richard Feynman has declared in QED that all matter has amplitude to go backward in time expressed as antimatter and reversed charge. Notice that antimatter may have positive or negative charge, but always the opposite of the matter it pairs with. Electric charge is connected to time in a skew symmetric way suggesting two time components, while mass is connected to time in an antisymmetric way suggesting three time components.
I have a plausible explanation for the property of mass as well as the arrow of time. In my paper titled Ground Potential I show that particles are electromagnetic waves where the definition of speed is a function of their surface potential. i.e. if a particle has a surface potential other than zero volts it will also have a mass. I also came to the conclusion that the arrow of time points in the direction of lower potential. Worth reading if you are looking for an answer to this question.
Research Ground Potential
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