An anatomically adequate posture and, when walking - for example - that follows the axis of natural isometric and idiosyncratic ambulation is obviously good and advisable; but beware! because on many occasions we take unnatural and unhealthy "ANTIALGICAL POSITIONS" to sit or walk, which "seem" to relieve pain ... but, in the long run, "THE REMEDY IS WORSE THAN THE DISEASE", since unless natural, end up generating more pain and disability.

Francisco Javier Gala but are there any intervention studies that specifically look at the correlation between improved posture (however they choose to define it) and change in pain?

And it is; Eliminate the unhealthy "anti-allergic" postures described and / or learn to be ergonomic when eating, writing, using the computer, etc. and to walk correctly, it is sufficiently evidenced that it prevents and alleviates pain "ad hoc".

Francisco Javier Gala can you recommend any studies that show this relationship?

Here I attach a series of References on the subject:

• Pope MH, Bevins T, Wilder DG, Frymoyer JW. The relationship between anthropometric, postural, muscular, and mobility characteristics of males ages 18-55. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1985 Sep;10(7):644-8. PubMed PMID: 4071274.
• Franklin ME, Conner-Kerr T. An analysis of posture and back pain in the first  and third trimesters of pregnancy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998 Sep;28(3):133-8. PubMed PMID: 9742469.
• Nourbakhsh MR, Arab AM. Relationship between mechanical factors and incidence of low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2002 Sep;32(9):447-60. PubMed PMID: 12322811.
• O'Sullivan PB, Mitchell T, Bulich P, Waller R, Holte J. The relationship beween posture and back muscle endurance in industrial workers with flexion-related low back pain. Man Ther. 2006 Nov;11(4):264-71. Epub 2005 Jun 13. PubMed PMID: 15953751.
• Christensen ST, Hartvigsen J. Spinal curves and health: a systematic critical  review of the epidemiological literature dealing with associations between sagittal spinal curves and health. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2008 Nov-Dec;31(9):690-714. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2008.10.004. Review. PubMed PMID: 19028253.
• Smith A, O'Sullivan P, Straker L. Classification of sagital thoraco-lumbo-pelvic alignment of the adolescent spine in standing and its relationship to low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008 Sep 1;33(19):2101-7. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31817ec3b0. PubMed PMID: 18758367.
• Meziat Filho N, Coutinho ES, Azevedo e Silva G. Association between home posture habits and low back pain in high school adolescents. Eur Spine J. 2015 Mar;24(3):425-33. doi: 10.1007/s00586-014-3571-9. Epub 2014 Sep 12. PubMed PMID:  25212451.
• Chaléat-Valayer E, Mac-Thiong JM, Paquet J, Berthonnaud E, Siani F, Roussouly  P. Sagittal spino-pelvic alignment in chronic low back pain. Eur Spine J. 2011 Sep;20 Suppl 5:634-40. doi: 10.1007/s00586-011-1931-2. Epub 2011 Aug 26. PubMed PMID: 21870097; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3175927.
• Blog: https://www.bettermovement.org/blog/2014/does-bad-posture-cause-back-pain
• Brinjikji W, Luetmer PH, Comstock B, Bresnahan BW, Chen LE, Deyo RA, Halabi S, Turner JA, Avins AL, James K, Wald JT, Kallmes DF, Jarvik JG. Systematic literature review of imaging features of spinal degeneration in asymptomatic populations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015 Apr;36(4):811-6. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A4173. Epub 2014 Nov 27. Review. PubMed PMID: 25430861; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4464797

Francisco Javier Gala thank you for sharing this list. They don't really answer my question though for if there is good evidence for causality:

Franklin, 1998 states that there was no correlation between the degree of posture change and level of pain

Nourbakhsh, 2002 states that lumbar lordosis and pelvic tilt were not strong predictors of low back pain

Christensen, 2008 found no association between sagittal spinal curves and spine pain

Smith, 2008; Meziat, 2015; chaleat-valayer, 2011; are all cross-sectional designs that indicate a relationship but not causality.

Does what I'm asking make sense?

A correct posture avoids you pain that increases every day and with the passage of time they get worse. Greetings

Hendrics Ramos Companioni while that is an agreed upon statement, there appears to be little to no evidence that a causal relationship exists.

Here, above I attach a new series of References on the subject, in relation to the Thesis: "POSTURAL HYGIENE AND PREVENTION OF BACK PAIN IN SCHOOLS. AMADO MERCHÁN, ÁLVARO

in NPunto Volume III. Number 27. June 2020:

Francisco Javier Gala I agree with the premise and findings of these studies that postural education can be preventative, but there appear to be no studies of people with spine pain that show the improvement in posture is the CAUSE of improvement in pain, not just that a correlation exists.

Thanks you

A larger 2016 study of 1100 Australian teenagers showed that there was no correlation — none at all — between their neck posture and neck pain, contrary to all the fear-mongering we’ve heard about “text neck” in the last couple years. A similar 2018 study of Brazilian youths came to the same conclusion. For balance, I’ll acknowledge there are studies that say otherwise … but mostly just crappy studies in my opinion, and regardless they do not remotely prove that abnormal curvature actually causes pain.

https://www.painscience.com/biblio/no-link-between-text-neck-posture-and-neck-pain-in-150-brazilian-young-adults.html

https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article-abstract/96/10/1576/2870247

The correlation between posture and pain results from an inversion of the parameters of the patients' observation. To alleviate pain, patients will adopt a position that is as analgesic as possible, which will have an impact on their posture. When we see this, the common mistake is to attribute the cause of the pain to the posture rather than the effect. This is a result of my daily practice. However, it seems to me that there are publications on analgesic postures:

https://www.sofmmoo.org/documents/chazerain.pdf

However, they don't show much.

I hope this helps you

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

Hi! We did a couple of small studies with Alexander technique and exercise interventions for neck pain in my lab (Becker et al, 2018; 2021). In all groups, pain improved and posture changed, but there was no correlation between the two. However, decrease in pain was associated with decreased surface neck muscle fatigue in both Alexander groups. I think a problem with posture is not that it doesn't matter, but that the aspects that do matter are hard to measure. Also, there's no universal ideal. We know that forward head posture adds biomechanical loading to the spine, but pulling the head back may also cause problems. And what about scrunching it down? To further complicate matters, Anita Vasavada has shown that there is a low correlation between posture as assessed from the outside and what you can see on an xray. I'm happy to discuss this further. Monika Gross has also thought about this a lot.