During the experiment on the effect of the initial concentration of dye on the adsorption of clay, it has been reported that the efficacy of the adsorbent is decreased by increasing the concentration of the dye. However, we noticed that leaving clay ( same conditions) with high-concentration dye in a container for 24 hours observed high removal efficiency. What happens to clay that makes it more affinity to dye despite high concentration?
There are a range of things that can cause that but the only way to understand it is to fully characterize the clay - that will help you understand the mechanisms involved in the adsorption of the dyes by that clay. Also look at things like the CEC, pHzc, electronegativity etc
If the available pores or surfaces on the clay are not fully utilized, the clay will still be able to adsorb dye. Longer contact time, gives better opportunity for greater dye removal.
Such a question has already been. It is not surprising that probable swelling can increase removal efficiency. After all, it is a structural change of the material.
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