The literature shows that mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-specific mycobiome signatures

show that distinct diets modulate the mycobiome in association with Alzheimer’s disease

(AD) markers and fungal bacterial co-regulation networks in patients with MCI. The

findings corroborate the notion of considering gut mycobiome as a unique factor that can

affect cognitive health/AD by gut bacteria and fungus interactions. Fungus release a

number of mycotoxins into the blood plasma such as aflatoxin, deoxynivalenol,

zearalenone, ochratoxin, fumonisin and patulin. The dietary modulation by gut bacteria of

the brain axis may involve bacteria-fungal release of mycotoxins and bacterial

lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that may be AD markers with relevance to mild cognitive

impairment. Plasma LPS levels in AD may delay the clearance and metabolism of mycotoxins with relevance to MCI and brain toxicity.

RELEVANT REFERENCES:

1. Nagpal R, Neth BJ, Wang S, Mishra SP, Craft S, Yadav H. Gut mycobiome and its interaction with diet, gut bacteria and alzheimer's disease markers in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot study. EBioMedicine. 2020 Sep;59:102950.

2. Sharma, A and IJ Martins. The role of Microbiota in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Acta Scientific Nutritional Health. 7.7 (2023): 108-118.

3. Overnutrition Determines LPS Regulation of Mycotoxin Induced Neurotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci.16(12): 29554–29573.

4. Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides and Neuron Toxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neurology Research and Surgery. 2018; 1(1): 1-3.

5. Food quality induces a miscible disease with relevance to Alzheimer’s disease and Neurological diseases, J Food Research, vol. 5, pp.45-52, 2016